which與as在定語從句中的不同用法
which與as在定語從句中的不同用法
下面是小編整理的一些關(guān)于which與as在定語從句中的用法,希望幫助大家區(qū)分這兩個(gè)單詞。提高英語水平。
which與as在定語從句中的不同用法
一、which與as用法相同點(diǎn)
1. as和which都能引導(dǎo)定語從句,并都可以在定語從句中做主語或賓語,代表前面整個(gè)句子。
例 1 He married her, as / which was natural. 他跟她結(jié)婚了,這是很自然的事。
例 2 He is honest, as we can see. 他很誠(chéng)實(shí), 這一點(diǎn)我們看得出來。(表示人們從日常主觀常識(shí), 經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)某一事情的看法、評(píng)價(jià),用as為妥。)
2. 當(dāng)非限定性定語從句置于句末時(shí),as和which都可用來引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語從句。
例 3 The number of senior high school students is increasing, as is mentioned above. (as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句,意思是“正如”。此時(shí)也可以換用which引導(dǎo),但意思有別,意思是:“這一點(diǎn)上面提到了”。)
二、which與as用法不同點(diǎn)
(一)語義上的區(qū)別
as作為關(guān)系代詞仍多少保留 “理由”“比較” “方式” “等同”等意義,而which沒有這些意義。因此,由as引導(dǎo)的定語從句通常在意義上不可與主句相悖,而且一般是肯定的,對(duì)主句意義起相輔作用,表示 “正如”等意義;而which引導(dǎo)從句則不受此限制。
例 4 Mother treats me just like a baby,which I can’t bear. 媽媽對(duì)我就像小孩,我真受不了。
例 5 She has married again,which was unexpected. 她又結(jié)婚了,這是大家沒有預(yù)料到的。
上面兩句中的which都不宜用as。
但當(dāng)否定的定語從句作正面理解,對(duì)主句起相輔作用而不是與其相悖時(shí),仍可用as。
例 6 He turned his eyes on Philip’s face,as he had not done for ten years.他轉(zhuǎn)過身來看著菲利普的臉,他十年來沒有這樣看過他的臉了。
例 7 He really can’t lend you the money,as you might not realize. 他的確不能把那些錢借給你,這一點(diǎn)你可能意識(shí)不到。
(二)用法上的區(qū)別
1. which與as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別:
(1)which只能放在主句后面,而as引導(dǎo)的從句位置相對(duì)比較靈活,可以放在前,也可以放在后,甚至還可以分割主句。另外,as 常常有“正如、正像”的含義。
例 8 As he realized, I was very useful to him.(在前)
例 9 Air, as we know, is a gas. (在中)
例 10 He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent. (在后)
例 11 He came late again, which made his boss angry.(在后)
例 12 As is known to all, China is a developing country. 眾所周知,中國(guó)是發(fā)展中國(guó)家。
(2)在which引導(dǎo)的定語從句中,謂語動(dòng)詞若是am, is, are,則這些系動(dòng)詞不能省略,而as后面若是這種情況,則可以省略。
例 13 He is a teacher, as (is) clear from his manner. (is可以省略)
例 14 He said he had never seen her before, which was not true. (was 不可省略)