if句型的用法總結(jié)英語用法(2)
if句型的用法4:引導(dǎo)賓語從句
四、if作為連詞還可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)和whether意思相同。例如:
1. Lily asked if / whether she liked it. 莉莉問她是否喜歡它。
2. She asked if / whether they had a cotton one. 她問是否他們有一件棉織的。
if句型的用法5:后接否定動(dòng)詞
五、if后接否定動(dòng)詞,用于感嘆句中,表示沮喪、驚奇等。例如:
I. Well,if I haven’t left my false teeth at home!真倒霉,我把假牙丟在家里了!
2. And if he didn’t try to knock me down!(What do you think he did!He tried knock me down!)你猜他想做什么?他想把我撞倒!
if句型的用法6:用于虛擬語氣
六、用于虛擬語氣中,if從句中用過去式,表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn),大概不會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)或提出作為考慮的假定條件。例如:
1. If you were a bird, you could fly.假使你是只鳥,你便會(huì)飛了。
2. If I asked him(if I were to ask him) for a loan,would he agree?如果我向他借貸,他會(huì)答應(yīng)嗎?
另外,if從句中用過去完成式,表示過去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件(例如由于不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或某人之未能實(shí)行)。例如:
1. If they had startedearlier,they would have arrivedin time.要是他們?cè)缧﹦?dòng)身,他們便可及時(shí)到達(dá)了。
2. If they had not started when they did,they would not be here now.如果他們那時(shí)不動(dòng)身,現(xiàn)在他們就不會(huì)在此地了。
第三,在文學(xué)體栽中,if有時(shí)可省略,然后將主語與所用的限定動(dòng)詞(尤其是were,had,should)倒置。例如:
1. Should it (=if it should)be necessary,I will go. 倘若有必要,我會(huì)去的。
2. Were I(=if I were) in your place,I would do the same . 如果我處于你的位置,我也會(huì)這樣干的。
3. Had I(=if I had)known earlier,I would come.如果我早一點(diǎn)知道,我就會(huì)來。
if句型的用法7:與介詞連用
七、if與其它一些介詞的連用。
首先,as與if連用,它的意思是:“仿佛、好像”同樣引導(dǎo)從句。例如:
1. It isn’t as if we are rich.(We are not rich.)我們不像富有的樣子。(即我們不富有)
2. It isn’t as if he doesn’t know the ruler.(i.e.He does know the rulers.)他不像不懂規(guī)則的樣子。(即他懂得規(guī)則)
另外as if還可以引導(dǎo)感嘆句。例如:
As if I would allow it!(i.e.I would certainly not allow it!)好像我會(huì)答應(yīng)似的!(我才不會(huì)答應(yīng)哩!)
其次, if與only連用。常表示愿望或一個(gè)未實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件,尤其用于感嘆句中。例如:
1. If only he arrives in time!他若能及時(shí)到達(dá)就好了!
2. If only she would marry me!但愿她能嫁給我!
3. If only she had known about it!(But she didn’t know.) 她那時(shí)要是知道(但她不知道)這事就好了!
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