托福必備的常見詞匯的積累
對(duì)于很多準(zhǔn)備出國留學(xué)的同學(xué)來說，考托福是很多同學(xué)的選擇。小編今天就給大家分享一些托福短語，大家要加油哦
奧運(yùn)會(huì)
athlete 運(yùn)動(dòng)員
referee 裁判
volunteer 志愿者
ceremony 開幕式
closing ceremony 閉幕式
medal presentation 頒獎(jiǎng)儀式
stadium 體育場(chǎng)
Olympic Village 奧運(yùn)村
Olympic record 奧運(yùn)會(huì)紀(jì)錄
hold the record 保持紀(jì)錄
break a/the record 打破紀(jì)錄
秋季時(shí)尚襯衫
1 To lose one's shirt
Lose的意思當(dāng)然就是丟掉，或者失去什么東西。可是，to lose one's shirt 實(shí)際上并不是真的指丟了襯衫。它的確切意思是某個(gè)人失去了他所有的一切。
例句：Did you hear what happened to Joe? He's lost his shirt， the poor guy invested all his money in a fancy restaurant and it just went out of business.
你有沒有聽到關(guān)于喬的事?他可真是丟掉了一切，真可憐。他把所有的錢都投資在一家豪華的餐館里。而這家餐館不久前倒閉了。
又如：Be careful of salesmen who call on the phone and offer to sell you land on the beach down in Florida. You can lose your shirt because the chances are the land is under water at high tide.
對(duì)那些通過電話來鼓動(dòng)你買弗羅里達(dá)州靠海濱的土地的推銷員，你得十分小心。你要不小心就有可能會(huì)損失一切，因?yàn)檫@些地很可能就是那些在漲潮的時(shí)候會(huì)被水淹沒的地。
2 To keep one's shirt on
To keep one's shirt on 字面意思就是“穿上你的襯衣。”聽起來是個(gè)好主意，可是，它到底是什么意思呢?其實(shí)，它是指不要緊張，或者是不要在不了解情況的時(shí)候就發(fā)火。
例句：Keep your shirt on， Harry; we have plenty of time to catch the train.
哈里，你別太緊張了，我們有足夠的時(shí)間趕到火車站。
To Keep one's shirt on 在更多的場(chǎng)合下意為保持冷靜，在對(duì)情況不夠了解之前不要發(fā)火。比如說，丈夫晚了三個(gè)小時(shí)回家吃晚飯。一到家，他就看到他的太太火冒三丈，于是，他馬上就對(duì)太太說：
Honey， keep your shirt on， please! I'm sorry， but the boss made me work late at the office.
親愛的，請(qǐng)你千萬別發(fā)火。我很抱歉。我的老板給了我好多活，弄得我不得不在辦公室加班。
3 To give you the shirt off his back.
從字面上來解釋，to give you the shirt off his back 就是把他的襯衣從背上脫下來給你。一個(gè)人要是肯把襯衣脫下來給你的話，那就是一個(gè)在你患難的時(shí)候能拿出他所有的一切，包括他的襯衣，來幫忙的人。這種朋友是很可貴的。所以，to give you the shirt off his back指盡自己的力量幫助別人。
例如：Of course Dad gets mad at me sometimes for no good reason. But if I ever need it， I know he would give me the shirt off his back.
我父親有時(shí)對(duì)我發(fā)火也不見得有什么道理。但是，只要我需要，他總是會(huì)盡一切力量幫助我的。
又如：Pete never says very much. But when he hears about somebody who's sick in the hospital or lost his job， he's always the first to put his hand in his pocket and bring out money to help. Yes， sir， he's the kind of man who'd give you the shirt off his back.
皮特這個(gè)人平時(shí)話不多。但是，每當(dāng)他聽說某人有病進(jìn)了醫(yī)院，或失了業(yè)，他總是第一個(gè)拿錢出來幫忙。是的，他是這種會(huì)盡力幫助別人的人。
4 A stuffed shirt
Stuffed有好幾種解釋，有時(shí)是指裝的滿滿的，有時(shí)又指吃得過飽。那么，a stuffed shirt 是什么意思呢?A stuffed shirt是指那些愛擺架子，表現(xiàn)得神氣十足的人。對(duì)于這種人最好是敬而遠(yuǎn)之。這種人既傲慢，又頑固，自以為了不起，他們參加任何社交活動(dòng)都屬于不受歡迎的人。
例句：My boss is a stuffed shirt： all he talks about is how important his ancestors are， how he was number one in his class at his university， and the wonderful things he thinks he's done for our company.
我的老板老是愛擺架子，吹噓自己。他一開口就是說他祖先的地位有多么重要，他在大學(xué)念書時(shí)如何成為班里的第一名，還自稱對(duì)我們公司作出了很大的貢獻(xiàn)等等。
又如：I think I'll vote for Jimmy Brown instead of the other guy James Leland Elegant the third. Jimmy isn't a stuffed shirt like Elegant--he's a friendly， informal guy like us ordinary people.
我想我會(huì)投布朗的票，而不投那個(gè)看來很高雅的利蘭。布朗不像利蘭那么神氣活現(xiàn)。他很友好、隨和，就像我們普通老百姓一樣。
托福常見單詞釋義
argue
【常用釋義】
v. 爭論
【生僻釋義】
v. 認(rèn)為，主張
托福例句：Some researchers argue that less-expensive programs are just as good as relatively expensive ones， such as Head Start.(TPO 31-2 Early Childhood Education)
解析：在托福中，經(jīng)常會(huì)有somebody argues that….這樣的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。很多同學(xué)會(huì)以為argue只有“爭吵”的意思。其實(shí)在托福中，argue更多的意思就是“主張，認(rèn)為”，用來表達(dá)某人的觀點(diǎn)，如she argued that they should all go，她主張他們都應(yīng)該去。本句理解為，一些研究者認(rèn)為花費(fèi)較少的項(xiàng)目能夠取得與花費(fèi)更多的項(xiàng)目同樣的效果，例如智力起航。
evidence
【常用釋義】
1. n.證據(jù);2. n.跡象( e.g. He was nowhere in evidence.哪兒都找不到他。)
【生僻釋義】
v. 證明
托福例句：This period of evolution was relatively recent， as evidenced by the similar appearance of all the western chipmunk species.(TPO 39-1 Habitats and chipmunk species)
解析：evidence通常做名詞，意為“證據(jù);跡象”，我們可以很自然聯(lián)想到它的動(dòng)詞意思“證明”，常用固定搭配是“as evidenced by sth. 正如某事所證明的”。全句翻譯：這一時(shí)期的進(jìn)化是相對(duì)較新的，正如所有西部花栗鼠長得都差不多這一點(diǎn)可以證明。
address
【常用釋義】
n. 地址
【生僻釋義】
v. 處理
托福例句：She began to address more ambitious themes in her dances such as The Sea， in which her dancers invisibly agitated a huge expanse of silk， played upon by colored lights(OG8 Loie Fuller)
解析：address作”處理”的含義，常跟‹task， problem›搭配。句子中，in which her dancers…是介詞提前的定語從句，修飾The Sea; played upon by colored lights做后置定語，修飾a huge expanse of silk. 整句話翻譯為：她開始著手處理更有野心的主題，比如作品大海，在這個(gè)作品中舞者們?cè)谏鉄羲鶆?chuàng)造的遼闊的隱形絲綢下?lián)u擺。
film
【常用釋義】
n. 地址
【生僻釋義】
v. 處理
托福例句：She began to address more ambitious themes in her dances such as The Sea， in which her dancers invisibly agitated a huge expanse of silk， played upon by colored lights(OG8 Loie Fuller)
解析：address作”處理”的含義，常跟‹task， problem›搭配。句子中，in which her dancers…是介詞提前的定語從句，修飾The Sea; played upon by colored lights做后置定語，修飾a huge expanse of silk. 整句話翻譯為：她開始著手處理更有野心的主題，比如作品大海，在這個(gè)作品中舞者們?cè)谏鉄羲鶆?chuàng)造的遼闊的隱形絲綢下?lián)u擺。
parallel
【常用釋義】
adj. 平行的;
【生僻釋義】
v.與…媲美，與..相似
托福例句：Her interest in color and light paralleled the research of several artists of the period， notably the painter Seurat， famed for his Pointillist technique of creating a sense of shapes and light on canvas by applying extremely small dots of color rather than by painting lines.(OG8 Loie Fuller)
解析：parallel常見意思為“平行的”，而作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“與…相似或是相媲美”，有比較的意義在里面，比如to parallel someone。這句很長，主句很短，從notably開始的成分都是對(duì)畫家Seurat的限定，famed for…by doing something…整句理解為，她對(duì)顏色和光線的興趣與同期許多藝術(shù)家的研究相似，最為著名的是畫家Seurat，他以點(diǎn)彩派畫技，通過運(yùn)用極小的色彩點(diǎn)取代了畫線條的方法在帆布上創(chuàng)造形狀和光線感。
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