在2016考研英語的備考中，考生們一定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，貫穿整個(gè)備考航程的除了詞匯、語法，還有一個(gè)重要組成部分，那就是長(zhǎng)難句。句中修飾語多且長(zhǎng)，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，所以英譯漢時(shí)，不能照樣克隆復(fù)制，而是要根基漢語語法的特點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行靈活處理。下面小編就帶各位考生來學(xué)習(xí)一下如何攻克英譯漢。

　　考研英譯漢翻譯題怎么做

　　難點(diǎn)

　　1.需要聯(lián)系上下文來理解詞義

　　考研英語的英譯漢是給你一篇文章，然后從中劃出5個(gè)句子，因此就必須把詞句的含義放到原文中來理解，切不可斷章取義，有的詞語翻譯出來的意思與其本意可能會(huì)有不同，這正是英譯漢要考察的要點(diǎn)之一。

　　2.多為長(zhǎng)難句

　　英譯漢句子平均的單詞量在30個(gè)左右，而且結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，修飾成分多，考生很容易因沒有理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)而造成翻譯得南轅北轍的現(xiàn)象。

　　建議

　　首先要擁有一定的單詞量，背單詞不能只知道其常用的意思，還應(yīng)知道其作為其它屬性或者完全與本意看似不相關(guān)的其他含義，這樣才能在聯(lián)系上下文翻譯的時(shí)候?qū)卧~的含義做到觸類旁通;其次，要有對(duì)長(zhǎng)難句的“免疫”能力，可以在做閱讀題的時(shí)候，把典型的復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)難句記下來，試著劃分句子結(jié)構(gòu)，做到熟能生巧。最后，平時(shí)可以多看一些英文文章，培養(yǎng)一下語感，有助于對(duì)句子含義的整體把握。

　　真題解析

　　Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)(2014年考研英語真題Part C)

　　Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music。(46)It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself。

　　Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention。(47)By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works。

　　This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics。(48)Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him。

　　Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society。(49)Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression。

　　Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word。(50)One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living。

　　46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself。

　　【主干識(shí)別】

　　It is also the reason。

　　【其他成分】

　　why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself 定語從句

　　when we try to describe music with words 定語從句中的狀語從句

　　all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself 定語從句的主句，在翻譯的時(shí)候一定要注意在正確理解的基礎(chǔ)上按照中文的表達(dá)習(xí)慣完成翻譯。

　　比如對(duì)于all we can 的翻譯，由于前面已經(jīng)把we翻譯成“我們”了，所以這里就不需要再翻譯“我們”了。可以直接翻譯為：只能……

　　our reactions to it 可以直接翻譯為“我們對(duì)于音樂的反應(yīng)”，也可以翻譯為“我們的感受”。

　　【詞匯突破】

　　articulate 清楚地表達(dá)

　　grasp 理解

　　【參考譯文】

　　這也是為什么我們用語言描述音樂時(shí)，只能清楚地表達(dá)出自己的感受，卻不能理解音樂本身。

　　47. By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works。