旅游英語(yǔ)：尼亞加拉瀑布介紹

　　尼亞加拉瀑布是世界第一大跨國(guó)瀑布，位于加拿大安大略省和美國(guó)紐約州的尼亞加拉河上，是北美東北部尼亞加拉河上的大瀑布，也是美洲大陸最著名的奇景之一。平均流量約5720m³/s，與伊瓜蘇瀑布、維多利亞瀑布并稱為世界三大跨國(guó)瀑布。尼亞加拉瀑布一直吸引人們到此度蜜月、走鋼索橫越瀑布或者坐木桶漂游瀑布。

　　Niagara Falls has become a tired old tourist sight. But if you look it over in an airplane， it becomes something completely new. You realize that it is not tired; only our way of looking at it is tired. Most visitors go as close to the falls as possible， and watch the waters thundering down. It is fascinating， in a stupefying way. You stand there， hyptonized by the sheer force， the untiring action that goes on and on. But afterward you have a feeling - "So what， really? The water comes to the cliff and， naturally， it falls down." But at altitude you see it all at once. You see Lake Ontario on one side and Lake Erie on the other， and linking them the 34-mile Niagara River. Then， coming down lower， you see the falls themselves， along a front almost a mile wide， plunges over a 182-foot cliff and flows off through a deep， narrow gorge. And right away， with a flash of understanding， you see the main fact about the Niagara Falls. The falls are moving， the seven-mile-long gorge is merely the track the falls have made as they move along. This instantly reverses all your ideas. On the ground it seemed that the water fell because there was this low place for it to fall into the gorge. Now you see it is the other way round. The falls are the cause， and the gorge is the result. Niagara Gorge looks like the track eaten into an apple by a worm. Niagara differs from the waterfalls you find in mountains， where a thin stream of water comes down a mountainside， half-flying. Some of them are much higher than Niagara， and perhaps more beautiful， but they lack mass and cutting power. Niagara belongs to the heavyweights - where a whole solid river plunges bodily over a cliff The real sight from above is the gigantic movement of the falls themselves， digging the gorge. The falls are still moving today. However， our century has tamed it a bit. A lot of water that used to plunge down now goes through the electric power stations， both American and Canadian. Above in the air， you will understand the real difference between the American and Canadian falls. The American Falls get only about 10% of the water， while the Canadian Falls get 90%. Because the volume of water is greater， the Canadian Falls are eroding far more rapidly. Unlike the mountains and canyons of the West， Niagara is a short- time glory that was here yesterday and will be gone tomorrow.

尼亞加拉瀑布介紹

　　尼亞加拉大瀑布已成了老得沒牙的旅游景點(diǎn)。但是，如果你從飛機(jī)上鳥瞰的話，它就成了全新的景觀。你會(huì)意識(shí)到，老得沒牙的并不是尼亞加拉，而是我們觀賞它的方法已屬陳舊。

　　大部分游客總是盡可能靠近瀑布，看著水流轟鳴而下。這讓人著魔，呆若木雞。游客站在那里，被奔騰不息的激流及其強(qiáng)大的力量所折服。但此后你會(huì)有這樣的感覺"那又怎么樣?水流到了懸崖邊，當(dāng)然要往下淌落了。“

　　但在高空你會(huì)馬上看個(gè)一清二楚。你看到瀑布的一邊是安大略湖，另一邊是伊利湖，把這兩個(gè)源連接起來的是34英里長(zhǎng)的尼亞加拉河。當(dāng)飛機(jī)稍往下飛行時(shí)，你會(huì)看到瀑布本身，沿著湖濱約有1英里寬的人行道，水從182英尺高的懸崖直沖下來，然后流入既深又窄的峽谷。你會(huì)頓悟你已看到了尼亞加拉瀑布的真面目：瀑布在運(yùn)動(dòng)著，而7英里長(zhǎng)的峽谷只是瀑布在運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)沖出來的軌跡。這一事實(shí)馬上使你的想法完全改變。從地面上看，水往下沖入峽谷的原因似乎是因?yàn)橄旅嬗械偷?。而現(xiàn)在你會(huì)明白，事實(shí)正好相反：瀑布才是起因，而峽谷是結(jié)果。尼亞加拉峽谷看上去像是蟲在蘋果上咬出來的斑痕。

　　尼亞加拉瀑布與人們?cè)谏缴峡吹降钠俨加兴煌Ｉ缴峡吹降钠俨际且粭l飛下山腰的細(xì)流;有的高于尼亞加拉瀑布，也許比它美麗，但它們卻沒有尼亞加拉瀑布的那種氣勢(shì)和爆發(fā)力。尼亞加拉瀑布屬于重量級(jí)——一股巨流全部從懸崖上沖瀉下來。

　　從上往下看到的現(xiàn)實(shí)景像是瀑布自身的強(qiáng)烈運(yùn)動(dòng)在鑿峽谷。這是個(gè)很有意思的景觀。

　　今天，瀑布依然一瀉千里。不過，本世紀(jì)人們開始利用它了。過去常常往下沖的大量的水，現(xiàn)在都流過美國(guó)和加拿大的發(fā)電站。

　　在空中，你會(huì)理解美國(guó)與加拿大瀑布的實(shí)際差別。在美國(guó)境內(nèi)的瀑布只占總水量的10%，而加拿大境內(nèi)的瀑布占90%.加拿大境內(nèi)的瀑布由于水量更大，所以它向上游移動(dòng)得更快。和美國(guó)西部的大峽谷和山脈不同的是，尼亞加拉瀑布的壯觀是短期的——昨天它還在此地，明天也許會(huì)消失。

　　注釋：

　　1. all at once：突然。同at once(立刻)相似。只是語(yǔ)氣上更加強(qiáng)調(diào)是“豁然開朗”，一下子全明白了。

　　2. a flash of understanding：突然間明白。Flash是“閃電”，明白的速度像閃電一般的快，可見是很形象的說法了。

　　3. much higher than：比……高多了。像much、far這樣的詞，后面接形容詞要接比較級(jí)，而不能接原級(jí)。記住，我們常說的much better就是一個(gè)典型的例子。

　　4. lack：缺少。Lack這個(gè)詞作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以直接接賓語(yǔ)。但作名詞時(shí)，就要加介詞of，然后再接缺少的東西。這就是動(dòng)詞lack和名詞lack的區(qū)別。

　　5. our century has tamed it a bit：這句話就不能從字面上直接理解了。Our century實(shí)際上是指本世紀(jì)，a bit是有點(diǎn)的意思，引申為逐漸。這句話實(shí)際上是說本世紀(jì)人類已經(jīng)開始逐漸征服他了。

　　文章二

　　Niagara Falls comprises three distinct cataracts. The tallest are the American and Bridal Veil fallson the American side, separated by tiny Luna Island and plunging over jagged rocks in a 180ftdrop; the broad Horseshoe Falls which curve their way over to Canada are probably the mostimpressive. They date back a mere twelve thousand years, when the retreat of melting glaciersallowed water trapped in Lake Erie to gush north to Lake Ontario. Back then the falls wereseven miles downriver, but constant erosion has cut them back to their present site. The fallsare colorfully lit up at night, and many say they're most beautiful in winter, when the groundsare covered in snow and the waters turn to ice.

　　The best views on the American side are from the Prospect Point Observation Tower (daily; 50￠), and from the area at its base where the water rushes past; Terrapin Point on GoatIsland in the middle of the river has similar views of Horseshoe Falls. The nineteenth-centurytightrope-walker Blondin crossed the Niagara repeatedly near here, and even carried passengersacross on his back; other suicidal fools over the years have taken the plunge in barrels. Onesurvivor among the many fatalities was the Englishman Bobby Leach, who went over in a steelbarrel in July 1911 and had to spend the rest of the year in hospital. That practice has sincebeen banned (though a couple of maniacs did it in summer 1995 and came away with minorbruises), for reasons which become self-evident when you approach the towering cascade onthe not-to-be-missed Maid of the Mist boat trip from the foot of the observation tower(summer Mon-Fri 10am-5pm, Sat & Sun 10am-6pm; .50; 716/284-4233). From GoatIsland, the Cave of the Winds tour leads down to the base of the falls by elevator to withinalmost touching distance of the water (mid-May to late Oct; .50). A combination pass forthese and other attractions costs . Rainbow helicopter tours (716/284-2800) are a moreexpensive proposition at per person for a ten-minute ride. To check the view out fromNiagara Falls, Ontario, it's a twenty-minute walk across the Rainbow Bridge to the Canadian side(25￠ each way; bring ID, and check with US Immigration officials before heading across),where you get an arguably better view, bigger crowds and even more tawdry commercialism.Driving across is inadvisable: the toll for a car is just 75￠, but parking on the other side isupwards of .

　　As you look on in awe, reflect that you're seeing only about half the volume of water - the restis diverted to hydroelectric power stations. The full story of this engineering feat is related atthe free Niagara Power Project Visitors Center in nearby Lewiston (July & Aug daily 9am-6pm; Sept-June daily 10am-5pm; 716/285-3211). With your own transportation it's alsopossible to trace the inhospitable Niagara Gorge two miles along the dramatic Robert MosesParkway to the Whirlpool Rapids, a violent maelstrom swollen by broken trees and otherflotsam.

　　Ten miles east of Niagara Falls, the town of LOCKPORT takes its name from the series of locksthat raise and lower boats some 65ft at the western end of the Erie Canal. You can see theimpressive flight of locks from the Pine Street Bridge, or up close on canal boat tours (May -Nov daily at 12.30 & 3pm, also 10am on Sat; ; 716/693-3260).