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近五年高考英語(yǔ)聽力場(chǎng)景詞匯

時(shí)間: 曾揚(yáng)1167 分享

  高考考試的對(duì)話內(nèi)容場(chǎng)景基本上都是考生所熟悉的,有校園、生活、工作、各種社交場(chǎng)所。了解一些場(chǎng)景下的常用語(yǔ)和常見表達(dá)對(duì)解題是很有幫助的。對(duì)這些常用詞匯和短語(yǔ)不僅要知道其本身的意思,還要知道它們的同義表達(dá)方式。這是因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在聽力試題一般不會(huì)在選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)對(duì)話中的原詞和詞組。以下場(chǎng)景是對(duì)話當(dāng)中所占比例最大的,掌握了這些場(chǎng)景下的常用短語(yǔ)和表達(dá)方式,也就從詞匯和短語(yǔ)方面抓住了解題的關(guān)鍵。

  (1)餐館場(chǎng)景:

  restaurant餐館; cafeteria 自助餐廳;

  buffet 自助餐; canteen;dining hall 食堂,餐廳;

  coffee shop;cafe咖啡屋 ;

  snack bar 小吃街、大排擋

  【go out for dinner / dinner out / eat out 出去吃飯】

  waiter/waitress 男/女服務(wù)生;

  order 點(diǎn)菜 ;serve 上菜 ;

  menu 菜單;bill 賬單

  【pay the bill 付賬】

  tip 小費(fèi);change 零錢

  【Keep the change! 不用找零錢了! 】

  treat 請(qǐng)客

  【This is my treat!、 It’s on me!我請(qǐng)客! 】

  【go Dutch ;Let’s go fifty fifty. AA制】

  【Help yourself. 請(qǐng)隨便吃】

  knife刀;fork叉;chopsticks筷子;

  spoon勺子;plate碟子;tray 托盤;

  appetizer 開胃菜;dessert甜品,水果;

  soup 湯 ;steak 牛排;cheese奶酪 ;

  sandwich 三明治;hamburger 漢堡包;

  French fries 炸薯?xiàng)l;pizza 披薩;

  bacon 培根 ; chicken雞肉;

  beef牛肉;pork豬肉

  drink 喝,飲料;wine 紅酒;

  coke 可口可樂(lè);

  coffee咖啡;dressing 調(diào)味醬;

  pepper胡椒;ketchup 番茄醬;

  delicious、yummy 可口的;rare半熟的

  (2)郵局場(chǎng)景:

  stamp郵票;envelope 信封;

  package / parcel 包裹;

  parcel form包裹單;zip code郵編;

  weight重量;overweight 超重;

  postage郵費(fèi);extra postage 額外郵資;insurance保險(xiǎn);

  send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /發(fā)信;

  delivery投遞,傳送;claim領(lǐng)取;

  express mail 快件;EMS特快專遞;

  airmail 航空信件; surface mail 平郵;

  ordinary letter平信;

  registered letter掛號(hào)信。

  (3)圖書館場(chǎng)景:

  library card借書證;

  borrow借入;lend借出;

  keep持有,保管,存放;renew續(xù)借;return歸還;

  overdue 借書逾期;pay a fine 交罰款;

  librarian 圖書管理員;bookshelf書架;

  novel小說(shuō);science fiction科幻小說(shuō);

  magazine雜志; periodical期刊;reference book參考書;

  (4)校園場(chǎng)景:

  tuition學(xué)費(fèi); scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金;

  term/semester 學(xué)期;seminar研討班;

  presentation 課堂發(fā)言;

  assignment/homework作業(yè);register 注冊(cè);

  be absent 缺席;final exam 期末考試;

  review/ go over復(fù)習(xí); fail/pass不及格/通過(guò);

  cut a class逃課; graduate畢業(yè); stationery文具;

  essay論文;paper試卷;

  attend a lecture 聽講座 textbook 課本;

  classroom 教師;laboratory實(shí)驗(yàn)室;

  mark/grade 成績(jī);course 課程;

  subject 學(xué)科;playground 操場(chǎng)

  (5)醫(yī)院及健康場(chǎng)景:

  doctor醫(yī)生;dentist牙醫(yī);physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生;

  surgeon外科醫(yī)生;nurse護(hù)士;

  hospital醫(yī)院;clinic 診所;

  Health Center醫(yī)療中心;

  emergency room/ department 急診室;

  emergent treatment急救處理;

  first aid 急救;treatment治療手段;

  check up 檢查;physical examination體檢;

  take one’s temperature / blood pressure

  測(cè)量體溫/血壓;

  show one’s tongue伸出舌頭;

  write a prescription開處方;

  give an injection打針;

  visiting hours 探視時(shí)間

  medicine藥;pills / tablets藥丸/藥片;

  aspirin 阿司匹林; suffer from受…苦;

  pain疼痛;headache頭痛;stomachache肚子痛;

  backache背痛;sore-throat喉嚨痛;

  cough咳嗽;fever發(fā)燒;cold / flu 感冒/流感

  【have/catch a cold患感冒】;

  heart attack 心臟病;dizzy眩暈的;

  ——What’s up? / How is it going? / How are you?

  ——I’m fine. / I feel good/ terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。

  I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。

  (注意聽語(yǔ)氣:身體好的時(shí)候,語(yǔ)調(diào)上揚(yáng),語(yǔ)氣非常歡快; 身體不好的時(shí)候,降調(diào),語(yǔ)氣非常郁悶。)

  (6)電話場(chǎng)景:

  operator 接線員

  【Extension six two two six, please.請(qǐng)轉(zhuǎn)6226。The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 電話占線?!?/p>

  long distance call 長(zhǎng)途電話;

  collect call 對(duì)方付費(fèi)電話;put through 接通電話;

  leave a message留口信;

  dial the wrong number撥錯(cuò)號(hào)碼;

  call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb.;

  give sb. a call/ ring給某人打電話;

  ——Hello! This is …speaking. 您好,我是…。

  ——Who’s speaking?/Who is that? 您是誰(shuí)?

  Hold on /Hold the line, please. 請(qǐng)稍等,別掛斷。

  I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again.我一會(huì)兒再打。

  I couldn’t get through.打不通;

  Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.對(duì)不起,您撥錯(cuò)號(hào)啦。

  (7)酒店場(chǎng)景:

  make a reservation 預(yù)定房間;

  reception desk 接待處;

  reception服務(wù)臺(tái);receptionist 服務(wù)員;

  accommodation住宿; registration登記;

  check in 入住;check out 結(jié)帳;

  Identity/ID card 身份證;fill out a form填表;

  single room 單間;double room雙人間;

  suite套間;room number房間號(hào);

  room key房間鑰匙;room service客房服務(wù);

  wake-up call叫醒電話

  Do you have a reservation Sir?先生,您預(yù)訂了嗎?

  Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?) 有空房間嗎?

  All the room are occupied. 房間已滿。

  Can I have a suite please?有套間嗎?

  How much do you charge for that? 如何收費(fèi)?

  Smoking or no smoking? 吸煙或不吸煙?

  Meals included. 包括飲食。

  Can I show you your room? 我可以帶你去你的房間?

  Can I carry your luggage?我可以幫你提行李嗎?

  (8)交通場(chǎng)景:

  plane飛機(jī);ship輪船;bus 公交車;

  coach長(zhǎng)途客車;train火車;

  subway/underground 地鐵;

  railway 鐵路;highway 公路;

  sidewalk/pavement人行道;

  one-way street 單行道;

  rush hour交通高峰期; crowded擁擠的;

  heavy traffic擁擠的交通; traffic jam交通阻塞;

  traffic rules交通規(guī)則; traffic lights交通燈;

  driving license駕照; driver司機(jī);

  garage修車廠、車庫(kù);

  car accident/crash車禍;speed超速;r

  un the red light闖紅燈; flat tire爆胎;

  scratches刮蹭;fix/repair修理;survive幸存

  by plane/air乘飛機(jī); by sea/land水路、陸路;

  by subway/underground 乘地鐵;

  transfer換乘、轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)

  May I see your license, please?

  我可以看看你的駕照,好嗎?

  You will be fined by $20.

  你將處以20元的罰款。

  (9)機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景:

  airline航空公司;airway 航線;flight 航班;

  book/serve預(yù)定; behind schedule 晚點(diǎn);

  cancel取消;customs海關(guān); security check安檢;

  passport護(hù)照;visa簽證;

  departure lounge 候機(jī)室;

  departure gate登機(jī)口;check in 辦理登機(jī)手續(xù);

  on board登機(jī);boarding pass/card 登機(jī)牌;

  luggage/baggage行李; suitcase行李箱;

  take off 起飛;land降落; safe landing安全著陸

  bound for…飛往…方向去的;

  departure to 前往;destination目的地;

  departure time起飛時(shí)間;

  see sb. off為某人送行; pick up接機(jī)

  【在飛機(jī)上】

  a window seat靠窗的座位;

  an aisle seat靠走道的座位; captain機(jī)長(zhǎng);

  pilot飛行員;airhostess/stewardess空姐;

  fasten the safety/safe belt系緊安全帶;

  airsick暈機(jī); jet lag飛機(jī)時(shí)差反應(yīng);

  (10)在火車站(At the railway station):

  booking/ticket office售票處;

  conductor售票員; train 火車;

  express train特快列車; carriage車廂;

  dining car餐車;waiting room 候車室;

  platform 站臺(tái),月臺(tái);

  one way trip/ticket 單程/單程票;

  round trip/ticket往返/往返票;

  a hard seat 硬座;a soft seat軟座

  (11)購(gòu)物場(chǎng)景:

  store 商店;grocery食品店;

  department store 百貨商場(chǎng);

  shopping center/mall 購(gòu)物中心;

  shop assistant店員;counter 柜臺(tái);

  receipt 收據(jù);deliver 送貨; refund 退款;

  bargain便宜貨;out of stock 脫銷/缺貨;

  in stock 有貨;selling season 銷售旺季;

  on sale打折; 50% off 打五折;

  a 30% discount打七折;

  catalogue 產(chǎn)品目錄;

  Commodity information商品信息;

  brand 品牌; size尺碼;color顏色;

  style樣式;price價(jià)格;

  【W(wǎng)hat color/size/kind do you want?您需要什么樣的顏色/多大尺寸/哪種?】

  second-hand 二手的;popular / fashionable 流行的;

  in fashion 流行,時(shí)尚;

  out of fashion 過(guò)時(shí)的;

  商品論貴賤expensive, cheap;

  價(jià)格論高低high, low;

  pay in cash 用現(xiàn)金支付;

  pay in check 用支票支付;

  credit card 信用卡;

  pay by installment 分期付款;

  【在服裝店(In a clothing store/shop)】

  trousers 褲子 clothes 衣服;skirt裙子;

  shirt襯衫;jacket夾克;coat上衣;

  a bigger size 稍大一點(diǎn)尺寸;

  what size 多大尺寸;

  this style這種式樣;

  fit you合你身;try on試穿;match 相配

  (12)天氣場(chǎng)景:

  fine 晴朗的;sunny/bright/clear 陽(yáng)光明媚的;

  overcast 多云;cloudy 陰;humid 濕潤(rùn)的;

  wet 潮濕的; rainy有雨的; clear up 天空放晴;

  freezing-cold 冰冷的;hot炎熱的;cool涼爽的;

  warm暖和的;mild溫和的;windy有風(fēng)的;

  calm無(wú)風(fēng)的;breeze微風(fēng); moderate 風(fēng)力不大;

  strong/ high winds 大風(fēng);tornado 龍卷風(fēng);

  typhoon 臺(tái)風(fēng);fog霧;snow雪;

  drizzle毛毛細(xì)雨;light rain小雨;

  shower 陣雨;storm 暴風(fēng)雨;

  downpour傾盆大雨;

  【It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下著傾盆大雨】

  thunder 打雷; blizzard大風(fēng)雪;

  snowstorm暴風(fēng)雪;

  【weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天氣;weather in California 意指好天氣】

  經(jīng)常和天氣相聯(lián)系的情況:

  vacation(假期) 和 flight(航班)

  (be delayed延誤/cancelled取消by the bad weather)。

  put away clothes 下雨收衣服;

  (13)銀行場(chǎng)景:

  business hour 營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間;deposit存款;

  withdraw 取款;open an account 開戶;

  savings account 儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶;

  check account 支票賬戶;

  interest rate 利率;cash a check兌現(xiàn)支票

  (14)常見的身份與職業(yè):

  part-time job 兼職工作; full-time job 全職工作

  psychologist心理學(xué)家;principal校長(zhǎng);

  professor 教授;postman 郵遞員;

  driver司機(jī);policeman 警察;

  firefighter 消防員;assistant 助手/助教;

  receptionist接待員;typist 打字員;

  cashier收納;waiter 服務(wù)員;

  passenger 乘客;ticket seller 售票員;

  conductor 售票員,列車長(zhǎng);

  salesman銷售員;nurse 護(hù)士;

  housewife 家庭主婦;lawyer律師;

  engineer 工程師;architect建筑師;

  chef廚師;guide 導(dǎo)游;

  reporter/journalist 記者;editor 編輯;

  author作家;pianist鋼琴家;

  musician音樂(lè)家;singer歌手;

  photographer 攝影師;artist藝術(shù)家;

  designer設(shè)計(jì)師;scientist科學(xué)家;

  barber理發(fā)師;butcher屠夫;tailor裁縫

  (15)人物關(guān)系relationship:

  strangers陌生人;neighbors鄰居;

  classmates同學(xué);colleagues/co-workers同事;

  friends朋友; husband and wife 夫妻;

  guest and receptionist客人與接待員;

  doctor and patient醫(yī)生與病人;

  teacher and student師生;

  boss and secretary老板和秘書;

  policeman and driver警察與司機(jī);

  interviewer and interviewee面試官與面試者;

  employer and employee 雇主與員工;

  shop assistant/waiter and customer營(yíng)業(yè)員與顧客;

  parent and child 父母與子女

  (14)工作:

  job opportunity 工作機(jī)會(huì);interview面試;

  resume簡(jiǎn)歷;educational background教育背景;

  application letter 求職信;recommendation 推薦信;

  certificate 助手;qualification資歷;

  experience 經(jīng)驗(yàn);position 職位;salary 薪水;

  allowance津貼;promotion晉升;vacation休假;

  break 短暫休息;retire 退休;work overtime加班;

  shift work 倒班工作;ask for leave 請(qǐng)假;

  sick leave 病假;have a week off 休一周假;

  clerk職員;secretary秘書;manager經(jīng)理;

  HR manager人事經(jīng)理;general manager總經(jīng)理;

  client客戶

  (15)興趣愛好:

  hobby 興趣; entertainment 娛樂(lè);

  go to the cinema/movies/theatre 去看電影;

  comedy喜劇;tragedy悲劇;

  action movie 動(dòng)作片;cartoon 動(dòng)畫片;

  documentary 紀(jì)錄片;thriller 驚悚片;

  horror film恐怖片;detective movie偵探片;

  western film西部片;soap opera 肥皂劇

  hiking 徒步旅行;camping野營(yíng);

  diving潛水;surfing沖浪;skiing滑雪;

  seashore 海岸;beach海灘;

  sun-burnt 曬黑的;palace宮殿;castle城堡

  (16)運(yùn)動(dòng):

  competition 競(jìng)賽;sports field運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng);

  club俱樂(lè)部;sportsman/athlete/player運(yùn)動(dòng)員;

  coach教練;champion冠軍;

  gold/silver/bronze medal金/銀/銅牌;

  basketball籃球;football美式足球;

  soccer英式足球;volleyball排球;

  baseball棒球;tennis網(wǎng)球;

  table tennis乒乓球;golf高爾夫;

  jogging慢跑;swimming游泳;

  wrestling摔跤;shooting射擊;

  boxing拳擊;weightlifting舉重;

  relay race接力賽;

  break the world record 打破世界紀(jì)錄

  (17)觀光旅游:

  vacation/holiday 假日;

  historical spots/relics 古跡;scenery 風(fēng)景;

  museum博物館;mountain山脈;river河流;

  lake 湖泊;waterfall瀑布;beach 沙灘;

  island 島嶼;lawn 草地;temple寺廟;

  zoo動(dòng)物園;travel/trip/tour/voyage

  旅行;travel agency 旅行社;

  a guided tour 有導(dǎo)游的旅行;

  go sightseeing觀光; hotel 賓館;

  souvenir 紀(jì)念品;ticket 票

  景點(diǎn)評(píng)論:

  fascinating/breathtaking 激動(dòng)人心的;

  thrilling 刺激的;refreshing清爽的;

  unforgettable難忘的;

  terrific/ fantastic極好的;

  (18)租房:

  landlord 房東;landlady女房東;

  rent租/租金;deposit押金;contract合同;

  furnished 有家具電器的;furniture 家具;

  heat暖氣;gas煤氣;electricity 電;

  lift 電梯;stairs 樓梯;balcony陽(yáng)臺(tái);

  living room起居室;guest room客廳;

  dinning room 餐廳;kitchen 廚房;

  bathroom 浴室;toilet 衛(wèi)生間;

  basement 地下室

  (19)日常生活:

  housework 家務(wù);channel頻道;

  cook烹飪;dining table飯桌;fridge冰箱;

  television電視;oven烤箱;cabinet 櫥柜;

  dishwasher洗碗機(jī);sheet床單;

  blanket毯子;carpet地毯;curtain窗簾;

  towel毛巾;shampoo洗發(fā)水;

  soap肥皂;haircut理發(fā);shaver剃須刀

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