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近五年高考英語聽力場景詞匯

時間: 曾揚1167 分享

  高考考試的對話內(nèi)容場景基本上都是考生所熟悉的,有校園、生活、工作、各種社交場所。了解一些場景下的常用語和常見表達對解題是很有幫助的。對這些常用詞匯和短語不僅要知道其本身的意思,還要知道它們的同義表達方式。這是因為現(xiàn)在聽力試題一般不會在選項中出現(xiàn)對話中的原詞和詞組。以下場景是對話當中所占比例最大的,掌握了這些場景下的常用短語和表達方式,也就從詞匯和短語方面抓住了解題的關鍵。

  (1)餐館場景:

  restaurant餐館; cafeteria 自助餐廳;

  buffet 自助餐; canteen;dining hall 食堂,餐廳;

  coffee shop;cafe咖啡屋 ;

  snack bar 小吃街、大排擋

  【go out for dinner / dinner out / eat out 出去吃飯】

  waiter/waitress 男/女服務生;

  order 點菜 ;serve 上菜 ;

  menu 菜單;bill 賬單

  【pay the bill 付賬】

  tip 小費;change 零錢

  【Keep the change! 不用找零錢了! 】

  treat 請客

  【This is my treat!、 It’s on me!我請客! 】

  【go Dutch ;Let’s go fifty fifty. AA制】

  【Help yourself. 請隨便吃】

  knife刀;fork叉;chopsticks筷子;

  spoon勺子;plate碟子;tray 托盤;

  appetizer 開胃菜;dessert甜品,水果;

  soup 湯 ;steak 牛排;cheese奶酪 ;

  sandwich 三明治;hamburger 漢堡包;

  French fries 炸薯條;pizza 披薩;

  bacon 培根 ; chicken雞肉;

  beef牛肉;pork豬肉

  drink 喝,飲料;wine 紅酒;

  coke 可口可樂;

  coffee咖啡;dressing 調(diào)味醬;

  pepper胡椒;ketchup 番茄醬;

  delicious、yummy 可口的;rare半熟的

  (2)郵局場景:

  stamp郵票;envelope 信封;

  package / parcel 包裹;

  parcel form包裹單;zip code郵編;

  weight重量;overweight 超重;

  postage郵費;extra postage 額外郵資;insurance保險;

  send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /發(fā)信;

  delivery投遞,傳送;claim領取;

  express mail 快件;EMS特快專遞;

  airmail 航空信件; surface mail 平郵;

  ordinary letter平信;

  registered letter掛號信。

  (3)圖書館場景:

  library card借書證;

  borrow借入;lend借出;

  keep持有,保管,存放;renew續(xù)借;return歸還;

  overdue 借書逾期;pay a fine 交罰款;

  librarian 圖書管理員;bookshelf書架;

  novel小說;science fiction科幻小說;

  magazine雜志; periodical期刊;reference book參考書;

  (4)校園場景:

  tuition學費; scholarship獎學金;

  term/semester 學期;seminar研討班;

  presentation 課堂發(fā)言;

  assignment/homework作業(yè);register 注冊;

  be absent 缺席;final exam 期末考試;

  review/ go over復習; fail/pass不及格/通過;

  cut a class逃課; graduate畢業(yè); stationery文具;

  essay論文;paper試卷;

  attend a lecture 聽講座 textbook 課本;

  classroom 教師;laboratory實驗室;

  mark/grade 成績;course 課程;

  subject 學科;playground 操場

  (5)醫(yī)院及健康場景:

  doctor醫(yī)生;dentist牙醫(yī);physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生;

  surgeon外科醫(yī)生;nurse護士;

  hospital醫(yī)院;clinic 診所;

  Health Center醫(yī)療中心;

  emergency room/ department 急診室;

  emergent treatment急救處理;

  first aid 急救;treatment治療手段;

  check up 檢查;physical examination體檢;

  take one’s temperature / blood pressure

  測量體溫/血壓;

  show one’s tongue伸出舌頭;

  write a prescription開處方;

  give an injection打針;

  visiting hours 探視時間

  medicine藥;pills / tablets藥丸/藥片;

  aspirin 阿司匹林; suffer from受…苦;

  pain疼痛;headache頭痛;stomachache肚子痛;

  backache背痛;sore-throat喉嚨痛;

  cough咳嗽;fever發(fā)燒;cold / flu 感冒/流感

  【have/catch a cold患感冒】;

  heart attack 心臟病;dizzy眩暈的;

  ——What’s up? / How is it going? / How are you?

  ——I’m fine. / I feel good/ terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。

  I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。

  (注意聽語氣:身體好的時候,語調(diào)上揚,語氣非常歡快; 身體不好的時候,降調(diào),語氣非常郁悶。)

  (6)電話場景:

  operator 接線員

  【Extension six two two six, please.請轉(zhuǎn)6226。The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 電話占線。】

  long distance call 長途電話;

  collect call 對方付費電話;put through 接通電話;

  leave a message留口信;

  dial the wrong number撥錯號碼;

  call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb.;

  give sb. a call/ ring給某人打電話;

  ——Hello! This is …speaking. 您好,我是…。

  ——Who’s speaking?/Who is that? 您是誰?

  Hold on /Hold the line, please. 請稍等,別掛斷。

  I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again.我一會兒再打。

  I couldn’t get through.打不通;

  Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.對不起,您撥錯號啦。

  (7)酒店場景:

  make a reservation 預定房間;

  reception desk 接待處;

  reception服務臺;receptionist 服務員;

  accommodation住宿; registration登記;

  check in 入住;check out 結(jié)帳;

  Identity/ID card 身份證;fill out a form填表;

  single room 單間;double room雙人間;

  suite套間;room number房間號;

  room key房間鑰匙;room service客房服務;

  wake-up call叫醒電話

  Do you have a reservation Sir?先生,您預訂了嗎?

  Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?) 有空房間嗎?

  All the room are occupied. 房間已滿。

  Can I have a suite please?有套間嗎?

  How much do you charge for that? 如何收費?

  Smoking or no smoking? 吸煙或不吸煙?

  Meals included. 包括飲食。

  Can I show you your room? 我可以帶你去你的房間?

  Can I carry your luggage?我可以幫你提行李嗎?

  (8)交通場景:

  plane飛機;ship輪船;bus 公交車;

  coach長途客車;train火車;

  subway/underground 地鐵;

  railway 鐵路;highway 公路;

  sidewalk/pavement人行道;

  one-way street 單行道;

  rush hour交通高峰期; crowded擁擠的;

  heavy traffic擁擠的交通; traffic jam交通阻塞;

  traffic rules交通規(guī)則; traffic lights交通燈;

  driving license駕照; driver司機;

  garage修車廠、車庫;

  car accident/crash車禍;speed超速;r

  un the red light闖紅燈; flat tire爆胎;

  scratches刮蹭;fix/repair修理;survive幸存

  by plane/air乘飛機; by sea/land水路、陸路;

  by subway/underground 乘地鐵;

  transfer換乘、轉(zhuǎn)機

  May I see your license, please?

  我可以看看你的駕照,好嗎?

  You will be fined by $20.

  你將處以20元的罰款。

  (9)機場場景:

  airline航空公司;airway 航線;flight 航班;

  book/serve預定; behind schedule 晚點;

  cancel取消;customs海關; security check安檢;

  passport護照;visa簽證;

  departure lounge 候機室;

  departure gate登機口;check in 辦理登機手續(xù);

  on board登機;boarding pass/card 登機牌;

  luggage/baggage行李; suitcase行李箱;

  take off 起飛;land降落; safe landing安全著陸

  bound for…飛往…方向去的;

  departure to 前往;destination目的地;

  departure time起飛時間;

  see sb. off為某人送行; pick up接機

  【在飛機上】

  a window seat靠窗的座位;

  an aisle seat靠走道的座位; captain機長;

  pilot飛行員;airhostess/stewardess空姐;

  fasten the safety/safe belt系緊安全帶;

  airsick暈機; jet lag飛機時差反應;

  (10)在火車站(At the railway station):

  booking/ticket office售票處;

  conductor售票員; train 火車;

  express train特快列車; carriage車廂;

  dining car餐車;waiting room 候車室;

  platform 站臺,月臺;

  one way trip/ticket 單程/單程票;

  round trip/ticket往返/往返票;

  a hard seat 硬座;a soft seat軟座

  (11)購物場景:

  store 商店;grocery食品店;

  department store 百貨商場;

  shopping center/mall 購物中心;

  shop assistant店員;counter 柜臺;

  receipt 收據(jù);deliver 送貨; refund 退款;

  bargain便宜貨;out of stock 脫銷/缺貨;

  in stock 有貨;selling season 銷售旺季;

  on sale打折; 50% off 打五折;

  a 30% discount打七折;

  catalogue 產(chǎn)品目錄;

  Commodity information商品信息;

  brand 品牌; size尺碼;color顏色;

  style樣式;price價格;

  【W(wǎng)hat color/size/kind do you want?您需要什么樣的顏色/多大尺寸/哪種?】

  second-hand 二手的;popular / fashionable 流行的;

  in fashion 流行,時尚;

  out of fashion 過時的;

  商品論貴賤expensive, cheap;

  價格論高低high, low;

  pay in cash 用現(xiàn)金支付;

  pay in check 用支票支付;

  credit card 信用卡;

  pay by installment 分期付款;

  【在服裝店(In a clothing store/shop)】

  trousers 褲子 clothes 衣服;skirt裙子;

  shirt襯衫;jacket夾克;coat上衣;

  a bigger size 稍大一點尺寸;

  what size 多大尺寸;

  this style這種式樣;

  fit you合你身;try on試穿;match 相配

  (12)天氣場景:

  fine 晴朗的;sunny/bright/clear 陽光明媚的;

  overcast 多云;cloudy 陰;humid 濕潤的;

  wet 潮濕的; rainy有雨的; clear up 天空放晴;

  freezing-cold 冰冷的;hot炎熱的;cool涼爽的;

  warm暖和的;mild溫和的;windy有風的;

  calm無風的;breeze微風; moderate 風力不大;

  strong/ high winds 大風;tornado 龍卷風;

  typhoon 臺風;fog霧;snow雪;

  drizzle毛毛細雨;light rain小雨;

  shower 陣雨;storm 暴風雨;

  downpour傾盆大雨;

  【It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下著傾盆大雨】

  thunder 打雷; blizzard大風雪;

  snowstorm暴風雪;

  【weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天氣;weather in California 意指好天氣】

  經(jīng)常和天氣相聯(lián)系的情況:

  vacation(假期) 和 flight(航班)

  (be delayed延誤/cancelled取消by the bad weather)。

  put away clothes 下雨收衣服;

  (13)銀行場景:

  business hour 營業(yè)時間;deposit存款;

  withdraw 取款;open an account 開戶;

  savings account 儲蓄賬戶;

  check account 支票賬戶;

  interest rate 利率;cash a check兌現(xiàn)支票

  (14)常見的身份與職業(yè):

  part-time job 兼職工作; full-time job 全職工作

  psychologist心理學家;principal校長;

  professor 教授;postman 郵遞員;

  driver司機;policeman 警察;

  firefighter 消防員;assistant 助手/助教;

  receptionist接待員;typist 打字員;

  cashier收納;waiter 服務員;

  passenger 乘客;ticket seller 售票員;

  conductor 售票員,列車長;

  salesman銷售員;nurse 護士;

  housewife 家庭主婦;lawyer律師;

  engineer 工程師;architect建筑師;

  chef廚師;guide 導游;

  reporter/journalist 記者;editor 編輯;

  author作家;pianist鋼琴家;

  musician音樂家;singer歌手;

  photographer 攝影師;artist藝術家;

  designer設計師;scientist科學家;

  barber理發(fā)師;butcher屠夫;tailor裁縫

  (15)人物關系relationship:

  strangers陌生人;neighbors鄰居;

  classmates同學;colleagues/co-workers同事;

  friends朋友; husband and wife 夫妻;

  guest and receptionist客人與接待員;

  doctor and patient醫(yī)生與病人;

  teacher and student師生;

  boss and secretary老板和秘書;

  policeman and driver警察與司機;

  interviewer and interviewee面試官與面試者;

  employer and employee 雇主與員工;

  shop assistant/waiter and customer營業(yè)員與顧客;

  parent and child 父母與子女

  (14)工作:

  job opportunity 工作機會;interview面試;

  resume簡歷;educational background教育背景;

  application letter 求職信;recommendation 推薦信;

  certificate 助手;qualification資歷;

  experience 經(jīng)驗;position 職位;salary 薪水;

  allowance津貼;promotion晉升;vacation休假;

  break 短暫休息;retire 退休;work overtime加班;

  shift work 倒班工作;ask for leave 請假;

  sick leave 病假;have a week off 休一周假;

  clerk職員;secretary秘書;manager經(jīng)理;

  HR manager人事經(jīng)理;general manager總經(jīng)理;

  client客戶

  (15)興趣愛好:

  hobby 興趣; entertainment 娛樂;

  go to the cinema/movies/theatre 去看電影;

  comedy喜劇;tragedy悲劇;

  action movie 動作片;cartoon 動畫片;

  documentary 紀錄片;thriller 驚悚片;

  horror film恐怖片;detective movie偵探片;

  western film西部片;soap opera 肥皂劇

  hiking 徒步旅行;camping野營;

  diving潛水;surfing沖浪;skiing滑雪;

  seashore 海岸;beach海灘;

  sun-burnt 曬黑的;palace宮殿;castle城堡

  (16)運動:

  competition 競賽;sports field運動場;

  club俱樂部;sportsman/athlete/player運動員;

  coach教練;champion冠軍;

  gold/silver/bronze medal金/銀/銅牌;

  basketball籃球;football美式足球;

  soccer英式足球;volleyball排球;

  baseball棒球;tennis網(wǎng)球;

  table tennis乒乓球;golf高爾夫;

  jogging慢跑;swimming游泳;

  wrestling摔跤;shooting射擊;

  boxing拳擊;weightlifting舉重;

  relay race接力賽;

  break the world record 打破世界紀錄

  (17)觀光旅游:

  vacation/holiday 假日;

  historical spots/relics 古跡;scenery 風景;

  museum博物館;mountain山脈;river河流;

  lake 湖泊;waterfall瀑布;beach 沙灘;

  island 島嶼;lawn 草地;temple寺廟;

  zoo動物園;travel/trip/tour/voyage

  旅行;travel agency 旅行社;

  a guided tour 有導游的旅行;

  go sightseeing觀光; hotel 賓館;

  souvenir 紀念品;ticket 票

  景點評論:

  fascinating/breathtaking 激動人心的;

  thrilling 刺激的;refreshing清爽的;

  unforgettable難忘的;

  terrific/ fantastic極好的;

  (18)租房:

  landlord 房東;landlady女房東;

  rent租/租金;deposit押金;contract合同;

  furnished 有家具電器的;furniture 家具;

  heat暖氣;gas煤氣;electricity 電;

  lift 電梯;stairs 樓梯;balcony陽臺;

  living room起居室;guest room客廳;

  dinning room 餐廳;kitchen 廚房;

  bathroom 浴室;toilet 衛(wèi)生間;

  basement 地下室

  (19)日常生活:

  housework 家務;channel頻道;

  cook烹飪;dining table飯桌;fridge冰箱;

  television電視;oven烤箱;cabinet 櫥柜;

  dishwasher洗碗機;sheet床單;

  blanket毯子;carpet地毯;curtain窗簾;

  towel毛巾;shampoo洗發(fā)水;

  soap肥皂;haircut理發(fā);shaver剃須刀

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