巧妙應(yīng)對(duì)雅思寫(xiě)作考試中的偏題怪題
很多考試都遇到過(guò)這樣一個(gè)情況:在考前花了大量的時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備,也整理一些素材,但是一到實(shí)際考試中,準(zhǔn)備的材料似乎就沒(méi)有用了。緊張的心情從而影響了正常的發(fā)揮,難道雅思寫(xiě)作考試的題目很偏嗎?事實(shí)卻并不是這樣,雅思大作文絕大多數(shù)情況下出題還是比較常規(guī)和正常的,但也確實(shí)存在著某些偏題或者難題、怪題(雅思怪題和難題出現(xiàn)的頻率不高)。下面是小編為您收集整理的巧妙應(yīng)對(duì)雅思寫(xiě)作考試中的偏題怪題,供大家參考!
巧妙應(yīng)對(duì)雅思寫(xiě)作考試中的偏題怪題
Example 1:
Advertising encourages people to buy in quantity rather than promoting its quality. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
考生拿到這個(gè)題目,首先要讀三遍,理解題目本質(zhì)的含義。廣告的本質(zhì)之一其實(shí)就是幫助賣(mài)家(selling agencies)或者廠商(manufactures)提升產(chǎn)品知名度(increase the brand reputation),從而打開(kāi)市場(chǎng)(explore the wider markets), 提升產(chǎn)品的銷(xiāo)售額(boost the sales rates),慫恿或者引領(lǐng)消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)更多的產(chǎn)品(encouraging and leading the consumers to spend their salaries to purchase large quantities of products),所以考生從正面來(lái)回答(agree)的話(huà),就可以從以上這些角度來(lái)入手,寫(xiě)起來(lái)應(yīng)該不難。
考生必須要知道廠商或者銷(xiāo)售商是付錢(qián)給廣告商的(advertisement agencies receive payment from manufacturers),如果人們買(mǎi)得多,對(duì)廣告商本身也有好處。而且廣告本身是沒(méi)有義務(wù)(duty)或者責(zé)任(responsibility)去促進(jìn)提升產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的,他們只是負(fù)責(zé)幫助宣傳產(chǎn)品、拓展市場(chǎng),只要贏得消費(fèi)者眼球就可以了(help promote goods and explore the markets, win the customer’s eyeballs).
從反面講(disagree)廣告其實(shí)有時(shí)候也能促進(jìn)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量,我們可以這樣想,一旦廣告把產(chǎn)品放大在消費(fèi)者眼中,如果消費(fèi)者因?yàn)榭戳藦V告以后買(mǎi)了產(chǎn)品,卻不理想或者質(zhì)量很差(unsatisfied or inferior commodities),那么顧客就會(huì)到消費(fèi)者保障局(consumer protection bureau)或者廠商這里投訴產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量,那些真正想擴(kuò)大市場(chǎng)或者站穩(wěn)腳跟的廠商有可能會(huì)引起重視(be highly alert to it),從而讓研發(fā)人員加大改善質(zhì)量的力度(improve the products), 或者推出新的高質(zhì)量(high-quality)產(chǎn)品,保證公司的知名度和品牌聲譽(yù)(guarantee the brand and reputation of their company),所以廣告從某些程度上講也可以促進(jìn)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量或者監(jiān)督產(chǎn)品(supervision).
再來(lái)看一個(gè)例子:
There is an increasing number of people who do not know their neighbors, what causes this situation? How to solve?
這是一道典型的report的題目,注意report的文章如果題目沒(méi)有問(wèn)你的想法是什么。如果同學(xué)們平時(shí)看報(bào)紙的話(huà),就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)這道題目是非常常見(jiàn)的社會(huì)類(lèi)話(huà)題,可以從這幾個(gè)方面入手:第一,現(xiàn)代人生活節(jié)奏快(quick-paced life),壓力大(heavy pressure),平時(shí)人們一般早出晚歸,很少有時(shí)間和鄰居打交道(Go out early and come back at dusk, seldom having time socialize with their neighbors)。
第二,現(xiàn)代社會(huì)復(fù)雜度比以前社會(huì)高,犯罪率也在上升(modern society is much complicated and unpredictable than the former one, the crime rate is also soaring),所以人的警覺(jué)性比較高(citizens are more alert and vigilant),不愿和陌生人來(lái)往,怕引起不必要的麻煩(they are reluctant to get alone with the strangers to avoid some unnecessary troubles)。
第三,現(xiàn)在社會(huì)的人們都住在高樓大廈里面(contemporary people living in skyscrapers),不像以前人們住在矮的平房或者里弄里(living in bunglow and lanes in the past days),或者同一個(gè)小社區(qū)(little community)。
第四,以前人們比較注重親情和人之間的交往(in the past, people highlight the personal relationship and interpersonal communication with neighbor),現(xiàn)代人比較喜歡窩在家里上網(wǎng),利用高科技和人們交流和溝通(modern people just stay at home surfing on the internet and chat with their friends through high technology in the virtual world).
解決方法:政府可以多建立一些公共場(chǎng)所讓小區(qū)的人們?cè)谶@里健身和休閑,從而相互認(rèn)識(shí)和了解,比如政府可以在community里修建公共廣場(chǎng)和公園(public square, parks),小區(qū)物業(yè)委員會(huì)也可以多組織各種家庭活動(dòng)、聚餐或者社區(qū)活動(dòng)(the community property council can organize more family activities, parties and home dinners for some families, arrange community group activities)。這樣小區(qū)居民也會(huì)多見(jiàn)面,增加交流機(jī)會(huì)和加強(qiáng)鄰里之間的友誼紐帶(increase the conversation opportunities and strengthen the friendship ties among the neighbors).
看到這里,相信很多考生已經(jīng)對(duì)雅思寫(xiě)作考試出題思路以及答題技巧有了一個(gè)充分的認(rèn)識(shí),只要多做多練,相信大家可以很快取得進(jìn)步。
雅思寫(xiě)作考試中最易用錯(cuò)的5組詞
我們先從兩者的定義入手來(lái)看兩者的區(qū)別。Compare的定義為:to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. contrast的定義為:to compare two or more things to show the difference between them. 由定義不難看出前者側(cè)重于找到兩個(gè)或多個(gè)事物的異同,而后者則側(cè)重于它們的不同。
一、compare與contrast的誤用
例句:It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours.
前一句翻譯為:對(duì)比一下我們的情況與他們的情況會(huì)很有趣。
后一句的翻譯為:我們的情況與他們的情況有很大的不同,這很有趣。
二、介詞使用錯(cuò)誤
1、普通介詞的誤用
一般表現(xiàn)為固定搭配錯(cuò)誤,如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; be satisfied with用成be satisfied for等等,雖然這樣的錯(cuò)誤看似無(wú)傷大雅,但在考官眼里就是影響順暢閱讀的,當(dāng)然會(huì)影響最終成績(jī)。解決的辦法簡(jiǎn)單而古老:把常見(jiàn)的固定搭配牢記于心,問(wèn)題自然就解決了。
2、“to”作為介詞的誤用
“to”最常見(jiàn)的用法是以動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)的形式出現(xiàn)的,所以同學(xué)們也已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了 “to do”的固定搭配。對(duì)于一些如walk to me, to the left等介詞to表方向等常見(jiàn)用法一般也不會(huì)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。但是對(duì)于與動(dòng)詞搭配的介詞to就會(huì)經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò):
如:More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them.
這里的 ‘take to’ means ‘to begin to do sth as a habit’ 其中 ‘to’為介詞,所以后面只能接名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞,如動(dòng)名詞。所以黑體處應(yīng)改為“depending on”。
三、assume及claim使用不夠準(zhǔn)確
我們知道, think, assume, claim是議論文中常用引出觀點(diǎn)的動(dòng)詞。在實(shí)際作文中,同學(xué)們往往認(rèn)為幾個(gè)詞的意思是一樣的,完全可以代換,所以拿過(guò)來(lái)就用。甚至還有同學(xué)把consider也拿過(guò)來(lái)與之混用。我們首先還是從定義來(lái)看這幾個(gè)詞的不同:
Think: to have opinion or belief about sth.
翻譯為“認(rèn)為”,通常接賓語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表達(dá)比較確定的觀點(diǎn)。
Assume: to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it.
翻譯為“假設(shè)、假定”,是否有事實(shí)依據(jù)是不確定的。
Claim: to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it.
翻譯為“聲稱(chēng)”,用這個(gè)詞往往意味著不贊同緊跟其后的觀點(diǎn),所以很少用作I claim that…
Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but in fact, ….
所以 ‘It is claimed that’ 通常翻譯為“有報(bào)道稱(chēng)......”和‘it is reported that ’的區(qū)別在于后者翻譯為“據(jù)報(bào)道”,往往代表著作者贊同報(bào)告的內(nèi)容。
Consider: to think about sth carefully, especially in order to make a decision.
翻譯為“考慮”,一般不用作引出觀點(diǎn),看個(gè)例子:
We are considering buying a new car.
四、表“建議”的詞匯后面忘記用虛擬從句
來(lái)看一個(gè)病句:
I suggest he continues his study instead of working after graduation from high school.
所以,一定要牢記以下常見(jiàn)表“建議”的詞匯,而且要記住這些詞接從句時(shí)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣:因?yàn)?lsquo;suggest’翻譯為“建議”,所以后面的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
五、such as與for example的混用
我們知道,在表示舉例子的時(shí)候,such as 與like是完全等同的,如:Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
但是同學(xué)們對(duì)于Such as、for example的把握還是不夠準(zhǔn)確。我們都知道,后者接句子前者接詞語(yǔ)表示舉例子。于是就有了下面的寫(xiě)法:
There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and Italian.
這里的such as改為 for example為好,因?yàn)?ldquo;in French and Italian”其實(shí)是“there is a similar word in French and Italian”的簡(jiǎn)化,所以要用 for example來(lái)引出例證。再來(lái)看幾個(gè)類(lèi)似的例子:
It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects, for example physics.
以上就是雅思寫(xiě)作考試中考生最易用錯(cuò)的五組詞,考生們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)備考時(shí)要多加注意,以防在考試中出現(xiàn)。