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學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ) > 英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作 > 英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作方法 >

詳解新托福新的寫(xiě)作格式

時(shí)間: 騰宇1219 分享

  托福寫(xiě)作怎樣才能給考官留下深刻的印象?如果光靠一些精彩的句子恐怕不能保證托福寫(xiě)作的高分,如果能有精心設(shè)計(jì)的作文結(jié)構(gòu)可謂是讓人眼前一亮,下面是小編給大家?guī)?lái)的詳解新托福新的寫(xiě)作格式,希望能幫到大家!

  詳解新托福新的寫(xiě)作格式

  首先由明線入手的思路可以不太講究結(jié)構(gòu),這點(diǎn)的評(píng)論請(qǐng)看后文;然而由暗線著手的議論卻必須注意結(jié)構(gòu),因?yàn)榘稻€采用的是和題目本身關(guān)系不大的視角,寫(xiě)得好是一氣呵成發(fā)人深省,寫(xiě)得不慎重就會(huì)失之毫厘,謬之千里,走題走到天邊去。

  接上文,仍以題目做示范。筆者第二次擬提綱,以理暗渡,就不能像第一次一樣只寫(xiě)論點(diǎn),而得把首段,論點(diǎn),甚至每段在整篇文章中的作用也一并寫(xiě)出,才能避免下筆時(shí)走題。

  首段:民以食為天,食物在人類(lèi)生活中的重要性不可言喻,就連食物的準(zhǔn)備方式也可能極大影響人類(lèi)文化,進(jìn)而影響個(gè)人生活質(zhì)量(引入社會(huì)心理學(xué),設(shè)置暗線,為全文奠定基調(diào))以現(xiàn)代生活實(shí)況分析,食品速食化導(dǎo)致人類(lèi)生活質(zhì)量下降的趨向比較明顯。

  第一論證段:(身體健康層面)飲食文化改變,傳統(tǒng)有益健康而消耗時(shí)間的料理方式被擯棄,垃圾食品大行其市,天人合一,順應(yīng)生理規(guī)律的文化被斷絕。(注:這里因?yàn)椴皇菑臓I(yíng)養(yǎng),而是從生物規(guī)律論述對(duì)身體的影響,所以前文所論的paradox此處可不考慮)

  第二論證段:從速食流行原因論證人類(lèi)行為文化改變, 高節(jié)奏的高壓生活必然促使身體早衰(身體與心理健康兩個(gè)層面綜合)

  第三論證段:(心理健康層面)行為高速化也會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)情感的無(wú)法顧及甚至冷漠,人類(lèi)情感文化變化,并且朝不利方向。

  結(jié)尾(這在提綱里其實(shí)可有可無(wú),提綱畢竟只是具體化的思路,并不是成文。依照文章具體的論證手法,內(nèi)容,結(jié)尾可以個(gè)有千秋,只要把握住一條,符合全文主旨,就可以了,提綱里就算寫(xiě)了,很多時(shí)候也是無(wú)用功)

  用題目分析到這里,文章連雛形都已經(jīng)出來(lái)了,可是究竟什么是結(jié)構(gòu)呢?

  回到“文章是被記錄下來(lái)的表達(dá)”這個(gè)原則。結(jié)構(gòu)既然是寫(xiě)作的必須注意事項(xiàng),就必然幫助表達(dá)。對(duì)于一篇議論,作者必須大量旁征博引才能令人信服得表述自己的觀點(diǎn),這其中牽扯著概念的重要性順序-----用來(lái)證明全文立場(chǎng)的概念是論點(diǎn),是最重要的概念;用來(lái)證明論點(diǎn)的概念是佐證,是次等重要的概念。所謂結(jié)構(gòu),最基本的用途是將文章所有用入的概念分段,一個(gè)論點(diǎn)與它的所有佐證為一段,不能佐證證明的是第二論點(diǎn),卻在第一論點(diǎn)的段落。-------這就是所謂的unity.

  結(jié)構(gòu)的第二用途仍然是幫助表達(dá),從邏輯思路方面。好的議論能抓住人心,令人信服,首先必須讓人能看懂作者的思路,讓你說(shuō)明在學(xué)習(xí)場(chǎng)所安裝電視有無(wú)弊端,你卻一會(huì)說(shuō)電視節(jié)目的差異,一會(huì)說(shuō)學(xué)生的素質(zhì)如何,讀者不知所云,自然不會(huì)被你說(shuō)服。每個(gè)段落和論題的聯(lián)系。作者本人知道并沒(méi)有用,必須表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。說(shuō)完節(jié)目差異加一句“不同節(jié)目對(duì)學(xué)生的利弊不同,不可一概而論”,講過(guò)學(xué)生素質(zhì)補(bǔ)充“素質(zhì)差的學(xué)生群體使學(xué)習(xí)場(chǎng)所吵雜,安不安電視影響都不大”,將論點(diǎn)間,論點(diǎn)和論題間緊密結(jié)合起來(lái),保證文章思路流暢,明白易懂,就是結(jié)構(gòu)中過(guò)渡句的功效,使得行文達(dá)到ETS要求的progression和coherence。

  具體把結(jié)構(gòu)落實(shí)在IBT獨(dú)立作文上,就是兩點(diǎn)。

  一、關(guān)于分段。要清楚自己的行文思路,知道自己有幾個(gè)論點(diǎn)。首段表明論點(diǎn),廢話不要講。論證一段一個(gè)論點(diǎn),不可以交叉。一個(gè)論段里要有論點(diǎn)句,其它所有句子都為論證這個(gè)點(diǎn),廢話不要講。尾段總結(jié)論點(diǎn)共性,映證首段觀點(diǎn),廢話不要講……

  二、關(guān)于過(guò)渡。要記住必須過(guò)渡。要明白你為什么過(guò)渡-----如果這個(gè)過(guò)渡不證明論點(diǎn)和論題間的關(guān)系,而證明論點(diǎn)間的關(guān)系,要確定這個(gè)新論點(diǎn)也能證明論題。你的過(guò)渡不是為自己的文章過(guò)渡,而是幫讀者的思維過(guò)渡,引領(lǐng)他們走進(jìn)新的思維,所以必須確認(rèn)過(guò)渡的方向,你是否正帶著你的讀者而離開(kāi)你的論題。

  從這兩點(diǎn)觀測(cè),筆者在前文提到的明線(支持論題)貫穿的思路在擬提綱時(shí)不需要注意結(jié)構(gòu),就好解釋了。因?yàn)槊骶€的論點(diǎn)注定不會(huì)跑題,不用太在意過(guò)渡問(wèn)題,只要分段恰當(dāng)就可以了,而這點(diǎn),下筆時(shí)留神就足夠了。

  以上就是小編帶來(lái)的關(guān)于新托福寫(xiě)作格式內(nèi)容解析,考生們?cè)谕懈?xiě)作中看到題目首先要整理思路,分析從哪方面入手有更充足的論據(jù)論點(diǎn)支持你的主題,要逐段考慮怎樣安排更合理,希望考生們?cè)趥淇贾星诩泳毩?xí),努力考出好成績(jī)。

  托福寫(xiě)作高分句型匯總

  托福寫(xiě)作考試中用一些高分句型可以為寫(xiě)作加分。小編為大家?guī)?lái)托福寫(xiě)作高分句型匯總,希望對(duì)大家托福備考有所幫助。

  開(kāi)頭:

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