有關(guān)中國(guó)歷史的英語(yǔ)作文
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中國(guó)歷史英語(yǔ)作文篇1
退避三舍：春秋時(shí)期，晉國(guó)內(nèi)亂，晉獻(xiàn)公的兒子重耳逃到楚國(guó)。楚成王收留并款待他，他許諾如晉楚發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)晉軍將退避三舍(一舍為三十里)。后來(lái)重耳在秦穆公的幫助下重回晉國(guó)執(zhí)政。晉國(guó)支持宋國(guó)與楚國(guó)發(fā)生矛盾，兩軍在城濮相遇，重耳退避三舍，誘敵深入而大勝。
the spring and autumn period, jin strife and offer the son of jin ChongEr male fled to chu. ChuCheng king shelter and feasted him, as he promised JinChu war jin will wince (a shekel for three miles). Later in ChongEr QinMu male under the help of the ruling. Return to jin Jin support 475-221 B.C. and chu conflict, the two armies in the city which meet, ChongEr wince, to lure him deep and win.
中國(guó)歷史英語(yǔ)作文篇2
Not much is known about this first Chinese dynasty -- in fact, until fairly recently, most historians thought that it was a myth. But the archeological record has proven them wrong, for the most part. What little is known indicates that the Xia had descended from a wide-spread Yellow River valley Neolithic culture known as the Longshan culture, famous for their black-lacquered pottery. Even though no known examples of Xia-era writing survive, they almost certainly had a writing system that was a precursor of the Shang Dynasty's "oracle bones."
Qin Shihuangdi had a great many accomplishments, not the least of which was the linking together of many of the old packed-earth defensive walls of the old principalities into the Great Wall of China. This is not to say that he built the massive masonry construction that today is called the Great Wall of China; what is today called the Great Wall was actually built close to two thousand years later, during the Ming dynasty.
However although China was once a very advanced civilization she was now falling behind Europe in technology. Soon she would be weaker than the European powers.
Worse the British found it increasingly hard to pay for tea and other goods with silver. So they exported large amounts of opium to China. Imports of opium were banned in 1800 and in 1813 smoking opium was made illegal. However the British soon joined forced with Chinese smugglers. The British ships anchored off the coast and Chinese boats took tea out to them. They brought British goods back to the shore. Increasingly the British resorted to exchanging opium for tea. Soon there were many opium addicts in China.
A revolutionary military uprising, the Wuchang Uprising, began on 10 October 1911, in Wuhan. The provisional government of the Republic of China was formed in Nanjing on 12 March 1912. The Xinhai Revolution ended 2,000 years of dynastic rule in Chi
中國(guó)歷史英語(yǔ)作文篇3
在我國(guó)古代，國(guó)家有時(shí)統(tǒng)一，有時(shí)分裂，中國(guó)一詞的含義在不同時(shí)代也不同，大致統(tǒng)一時(shí)期略指全國(guó)，分裂時(shí)多指中原。隨著皇帝統(tǒng)治疆土的變化，中國(guó)一詞所包括的范圍也相應(yīng)有所不同。“中國(guó)”這一名稱(chēng)在西周周武王時(shí)期意為“中央之國(guó)”。相傳3000年前，周公在陽(yáng)城 (今河南登封)用土圭測(cè)度日影，測(cè)得夏至這一天午時(shí)，八尺之表于周?chē)拔锞鶝](méi)有日影，便認(rèn)為這是大地的中心，因此周朝謂之中國(guó)。
In ancient China, the National Unity sometimes, and sometimes separatist, the Chinese meaning of the word in different times different, generally refers to a unified national strategy, the split means more when the Central Plains. With the territory of the emperor rule changes, the Chinese word, including its coverage varies accordingly. "China" in the name of King Wu of Zhou period of the Western Zhou Dynasty agreed to "central country." Passed in 3000, the Duke of the Yangcheng (today Henan Dengfeng) with Tugui measure the shadow of the sun, measured Next day noontime, Bachimen's table in the surrounding landscape are not the shadow of the sun, we think this is the center of the earth, so that goes to China.
漢朝以后，雖然有些外族入侵中原后建立的政權(quán)也自稱(chēng)“中國(guó)”，但是并不代表它們就是中國(guó)政權(quán)。因?yàn)樗麄冞@個(gè)自稱(chēng)的“中國(guó)”通常指地理概念上的“中原”而不是國(guó)家意義上的“中國(guó)”。即使歷史上的某個(gè)政權(quán)自稱(chēng)中國(guó)政權(quán)，也未必代表它就真的是中國(guó)政權(quán)。根據(jù)史料，日本也常常自稱(chēng)“華夏”、“中華”。例如《大日本史》卷117，載奈良時(shí)代藤原廣嗣在公元740年(唐代開(kāi)元二十八年)上表日主：“北狄蝦夷，西戎隼俗，狼性易亂，野心難馴。往古已來(lái)，中國(guó)有圣則后服，朝堂有變則先叛”。二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束，日本天皇在《終戰(zhàn)詔書(shū)》中還把日本稱(chēng)為“神州”，但是日本和中國(guó)顯然是兩國(guó)。判斷歷史上一個(gè)政權(quán)是否是中國(guó)政權(quán)，主要看它與前一個(gè)中國(guó)政權(quán)的關(guān)系，是以國(guó)內(nèi)政權(quán)更換的形式取代前一個(gè)中國(guó)政權(quán)，還是以外來(lái)征服者的姿態(tài)取代前一個(gè)中國(guó)政權(quán)。
After the Han Dynasty, although some alien invasion originally established by the regime are calling themselves "Chinese" But this does not mean that the Chinese regime. Because they are the self-styled "China" usually refers to a geographical concept of "heartland," rather than a national sense of "China." Even in the history of any regime claiming the Chinese regime, it does not necessarily mean it really is the Chinese regime. According to historical data, the Japanese are often called himself "China" and "China." For example, "in connection with" Volume 117, Nara era Fujiwara containing widely Nations in the year 740 (Tang Dynasty 1939), Table Main : "Beidi Yezo. Xi Rong Falcon secular and Wolf easy chaotic, difficult to tame ambitions. to have come to ancient China after the St. clothes, Zhutang change, I will rebel. " The end of World War II, the Japanese emperor in "the end of the war rescript" Japan also known as "Divine", but Japan and China is obviously
the two. Historical judgment on whether a regime of the Chinese regime, it's important to see a China with the former regime, on the domestic regime change in the form of a place of the former Chinese regime, or outside conqueror posture to replace the former one Chinese regime.
中國(guó)不是一個(gè)單純的地理概念，更是一個(gè)民族與文化的概念。中國(guó)是華夏漢族建立并以華夏漢族為主體的國(guó)家。古代中國(guó)人歷來(lái)就有抵抗外侵、保衛(wèi)家園的光榮傳統(tǒng)，一旦有外族入侵，便會(huì)英勇反抗，絕不允許外來(lái)入侵者篡奪中華正統(tǒng)的地位。從霍去病的“匈奴未滅，何以家為”，到岳飛的“精忠報(bào)國(guó)”，每一次遭受外侵，古代中國(guó)人都奮起抵抗，無(wú)一不驗(yàn)證了這一光榮傳統(tǒng)?？鬃釉谡撜Z(yǔ)中評(píng)價(jià)管仲說(shuō):“微管仲,吾其披發(fā)左衽矣!”，意思是，有了管仲，華夏沒(méi)有亡于外族。什么叫“披發(fā)左衽”? “披發(fā)左衽”的反義詞，就是“束發(fā)右衽”，也就是華夏漢族的發(fā)型服裝，是華夏漢族和華夏漢文化的代表?？梢?jiàn)，孔子也是把華夏漢族和華夏漢文化視為中華正統(tǒng)，不容外族取代中華正統(tǒng)。所謂的“夷狄入中國(guó)，則中國(guó)之”，這里的“夷狄入中國(guó)”指的是歸化、內(nèi)附中國(guó)，決不是以外來(lái)征服者的姿態(tài)征服中國(guó)。
China is not simply a geographical concept, it is a national and cultural concept. China is the establishment of China Han Han and China as the main countries. Ancient Chinese people will always resist foreign aggression, defend the homeland's glorious traditions, once the alien invasion, it would heroic resistance never allow foreign invaders usurp China orthodox position. Rock engraving of Huo Qubing "Huns not
extinguished, and why the family", Yue Fei's "Total Loyalty to the country", each from a foreign invasion, Ancient Chinese people rose in resistance, all verified by this glorious tradition. The Analects of Confucius in evaluating Guan Zhong said : "Micro - Guan Zhong, I left their overlapping part of Chinese gown disheveled hair now!" , Which means that with Guan Zhong. China did not perish in the tribe. What is called the "overlapping part of Chinese gown disheveled hair left?" "Disheveled hair left overlapping part of Chinese gown" antonyms, "beams the right overlapping part of Chinese gown," which is China's Han hairstyle clothing, China is Han Chinese culture and Chinese representatives. This shows that Confucius was also put China and China Han Han Chinese culture as orthodox and not orthodox tribe replace China. The so-called "barbarians into China, then China", where the "Yellow-China" refers to the naturalization, containing China, is not a foreign conqueror gesture to conquer China.
滿(mǎn)清入關(guān)，大儒學(xué)家顧炎武提出了“亡國(guó)”與“亡天下”之辨。他說(shuō):“有亡國(guó),有亡天下。亡國(guó)與亡天下奚辨?曰:易姓改號(hào),謂之亡國(guó)。仁義充塞而至于率獸食人,人將相食,謂之亡天下。”學(xué)者黃宗羲所言,“明亡于闖賊,乃亡國(guó)也,亡于滿(mǎn)清,則亡天下”。“亡天下者,衣冠易改,披發(fā)左衽矣”。這里的“亡國(guó)”是現(xiàn)代意義上的政權(quán)消亡，這里的“亡天下”則是現(xiàn)代意義上的民族國(guó)家的淪亡。 歷史學(xué)家顧誠(chéng)先生在《南明史》第一章第一節(jié)寫(xiě)道：“在漢族官紳看來(lái)，大順政權(quán)取代明朝只是“易姓改號(hào)”，
朱明王朝的掙扎圖存是宗室、皇親國(guó)戚、世襲勛臣之類(lèi)“肉食者”的事，同一般官紳士民沒(méi)有多大關(guān)系;而滿(mǎn)洲貴族的入主中原則是“披發(fā)左衽”(剃頭改制)，“亡天下”了;天下興亡，匹夫有責(zé)，都應(yīng)當(dāng)奮起反抗。”可見(jiàn)，明朝的民眾，已經(jīng)把滿(mǎn)清入關(guān)與以前的改朝換代嚴(yán)格區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。以前的改朝換代，只是中國(guó)內(nèi)部的政權(quán)更換，滿(mǎn)清入關(guān)，則被視為外侵。
Enter, Daru Jurists Gu Yanwu the "Nation" and "death" one of ethnicity. He said : "Nation, perish the world. Nation and the world perish 15:20 ethnicity? Said : Yixing change, known as the Nation. Ren injects As for the rate of animal food, will cannibalism, that the world perishes. "scholar Huang Zongxi said, "Ming perish in Chenzei, is also Nation, killed in the Qing Dynasty, the world will perish." "Perish world, attire easy to change, disheveled hair left overlapping part of Chinese gown carry." Here, "nation" is a modern sense, the power to vanish, and Here, "the world perish" is a modern sense, the end of the nation-state. Mr. historian GU Cheng "Nanming History" section I wrote the first chapter : "It appears in the Chinese officials, Girdles, Dashun regime replacing only the Ming Dynasty, "Yixing changed," Zhu Ming dynasty in the struggle to survive is the clan, the line. hereditary Xunchen like "Roushizhe" matter with the general Officials Making Christianity is not much; Manchu nobility and entered China principle is "disheveled hair left overlapping part of Chinese gown" (barber restructuring), "the world perish"; the rise and fall of everyone is responsible, should vigorously resist. "Thus, the Ming Dynasty, the people, Cheng has been put before the change of strictly separated. Before the change, but China's internal regime change, rulers, were viewed as a foreign invasion.
辛亥革命后，1912年成立“中華民國(guó)”簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)“中國(guó)”，這個(gè)稱(chēng)謂才正式成為中國(guó)國(guó)號(hào)。1949年10月1日，新中國(guó)成立時(shí)，定名為“中華人民共和國(guó)”也簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)“中國(guó)”。
After 1911, in 1912 the establishment of the "Republic of China" or "Chinese", the title of China will formally become the country. October 1, 1949, when New China was founded, known as the "People's Republic of China" also referred to as "Chinese."
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