考研英語(yǔ)精美時(shí)文
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考研英語(yǔ)精美時(shí)文：稀土之戰(zhàn)
Hillary Clinton, US secretary of state, has called for the US and its partners to reduce their dependence on China ’s production of so-called rare earths, in some of the most forthright comments on the topic by a senior American official.
美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿希拉里·克林頓呼吁美國(guó)及其盟友減少對(duì)中國(guó)稀土的依賴，這是迄今為止美國(guó)高官就稀土問(wèn)題發(fā)表的最為坦率的言論之一。
But she welcomed a statement by Beijing on Thursday that it would not use its sway over the market as a bargaining tool with other economies.
中國(guó)政府周四表示，不會(huì)將中國(guó)在稀土市場(chǎng)中的主導(dǎo)地位看作是與其他經(jīng)濟(jì)體討價(jià)還價(jià)的工具。希拉里對(duì)此聲明表示歡迎。
China made that announcement after Mrs. Clinton decided to visit the country on her prolonged Asian tour. She is due to meet Dai Bingguo, state counselor for foreign policy, in Hainan Island on Saturday.
中國(guó)政府是在希拉里決定延長(zhǎng)亞洲之行順便造訪中國(guó)之后發(fā)表以上聲明的。她將于周六在海南島與中國(guó)負(fù)責(zé)外交政策的國(guó)務(wù)委員戴秉國(guó)會(huì)晤。
Rare earths are used for high-technology products such as precision-guided weapons and hybrid cars. Beijing dominates the market with some 97 per cent of production, even though it has only 36 per cent of world reserves.
稀土是用于生產(chǎn)精確制導(dǎo)武器和混合動(dòng)力汽車等高科技產(chǎn)品的原料。中國(guó)在稀土市場(chǎng)上占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位，年產(chǎn)量占全球的97%左右，儲(chǔ)量只有全球總量的36%。
This year it has cut export quotas, increased duties and has been accused by Tokyo of choking off Japan’s supplies-an accusation China has denied.
今年，中國(guó)削減了稀土出口配額，提高了關(guān)稅。日本政府指責(zé)卡斷日本的稀土供應(yīng)——中國(guó)對(duì)此予以了否認(rèn)。
The Obama administration has also been looking into reports that China had halted some shipments to the US.
奧巴馬政府也在調(diào)查中國(guó)扣壓部分對(duì)美發(fā)貨的報(bào)告。
“The entire world has to seek additional supplies in order to protect the important production needs that these materials serve,” Mrs. Clinton said at a meeting in Hawaii with Seiji Maehara, Japan’s foreign minister. “These are elements that are critical to industrial production, not only in Japan and the US.”
希拉里在夏威夷會(huì)晤日本外相前原誠(chéng)司時(shí)表示：“全世界都必須另外尋找稀土的供應(yīng)源，以保護(hù)那些重要的生產(chǎn)需求。這些元素不只對(duì)日本和美國(guó)重要，它們?cè)谒袊?guó)家的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中都發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。”
Her comments come at a time of strain in US-Chinese ties over issues such as Beijing’s renminbi policy, its subsidies for green energy, and US efforts to deepen co-operation with many of China’s neighbors in south-east Asia.
希拉里發(fā)表上述言論之際，美中關(guān)系正陷入緊張。兩國(guó)間的主要問(wèn)題包括中國(guó)匯率政策、綠色能源補(bǔ)貼，以及美國(guó)與中國(guó)許多東南亞鄰國(guó)深度合作等。
Mrs. Clinton added that the current focus on rare earths “served as a wake-up call” that, being so dependent on only one source, risked disruption through natural disasters or “other kinds of events”.
希拉里補(bǔ)充，當(dāng)前的稀土問(wèn)題“為我們敲響了警鐘”：嚴(yán)重依賴某一種資源，可能在自然災(zāi)害或“其他事件”發(fā)生時(shí)帶來(lái)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
考研英語(yǔ)精美時(shí)文：牛津字典
Sales of the third edition of the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) have fallen and will never appear in print again because of the impact of the internet on book sales, according to its publisher.
牛津大學(xué)出版社近日稱，他們有可能停止《牛津英文詞典》第三版的再版。由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)圖書(shū)市場(chǎng)的沖擊，《牛津英文詞典》第三版銷量下降。
The dictionary’s owner, Oxford University Press (OUP), said the impact of the internet means the third edition of the OED-known as OED3-will probably appear only in electronic form. “The print dictionary market is just disappearing, it is falling away by tens of percent a year,” said Nigel Portwood, the chief executive of OUP. Asked if he thought the third edition would be printed, he said: “I don’t think so.” Portwood said printed dictionaries had a shelf life of about another 30 years.
牛津大學(xué)出版社稱網(wǎng)絡(luò)的沖擊使得《牛津英文詞典》第三版將來(lái)很有可能只以電子版形式銷售。牛津大學(xué)出版社行政總裁奈杰爾-波特伍德稱，“印刷版詞典市場(chǎng)正在縮水，每年市場(chǎng)份額都下降10 個(gè)百分點(diǎn)左右”。當(dāng)被問(wèn)到第三版會(huì)不會(huì)繼續(xù)印刷時(shí)，他說(shuō)：“我可不這么想。”波特伍德稱印刷版詞典在貨架上銷售的“壽命”只剩下30 年。
Now a team of 80 lexicographers has been working on the third edition of the OED3 for the past 21 years. It is still estimated to be more than a decade away from completion; only 28 percent has been finished to date.
在過(guò)去的21 年里，由80 人組成的編纂小組一直從事著《牛津英文詞典》第三版的編纂工作。但是編纂工作才僅僅完成了21%，還需要十年時(shí)間繼續(xù)努力。
OUP said it would continue to print the more familiar Oxford Dictionary of English, the single-volume version sold in bookshops and which contains more contemporary entries such as vuvuzela, the plastic trumpet encountered in the 2010 football World Cup.
出版社稱將繼續(xù)出版為大眾所熟悉的《牛津英文詞典》版本，即書(shū)店常見(jiàn)的單卷版。這個(gè)版本收錄了更多當(dāng)代詞條。例如，今年南非世界杯期間的助威工具嗚嗚祖拉已入選最新的修訂版。
The most recent OED has existed online for more than a decade, where it receives two million hits a month from subscribers who pay an annual fee of 240 pounds.
時(shí)下流行的《牛津英文詞典》第二版已在網(wǎng)上流行了10 年，每月點(diǎn)擊率達(dá)200 萬(wàn)次。想要使用的用戶每年需支付240 英鎊訂閱費(fèi)。
“Books are about to vanish; reading is about to expand as a pastime; these are inescapable realities,”said Portwood.
波特伍德說(shuō)，“紙質(zhì)書(shū)即將消失，閱讀將會(huì)成為一種消遣，我們無(wú)法阻止這些事實(shí)的發(fā)生。”
考研英語(yǔ)精美時(shí)文：為時(shí)已晚
Foxconn, the world’s largest electronics contract manufacturer, is revamping the pay structure at its main production base in southern China in a move that could end up the cost structure of global electronics production.
富士康，這一全球最大的電子產(chǎn)品合同制造商正徹底調(diào)查其位于中國(guó)南方主要生產(chǎn)基地的員工薪資結(jié)構(gòu)，而此舉可能推高全球電子產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)的成本構(gòu)成。
Following a 30 percent wage increase from July 1, the group said workers who reach certain performance standards would now also get an additional 66 percent pay rise from October 1.
7 月1 日富士康已經(jīng)給工人加薪30%，之后又表示會(huì)從10 月1 日起給達(dá)到一定業(yè)績(jī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的工人額外加薪66%。
“The monthly wage for all first-line employees and their line leaders and supervisors in Shenzhen will be elevated to Rmb2,000 as early as October 1 2010, ” if the workers successfully passed a three-month evaluation period, the company said.
富士康表示，“最早從10 月1 日起，深圳工廠中所有‘一線’員工及線長(zhǎng)、組長(zhǎng)的月薪將增加到2000 元，只要員工能成功通過(guò)為期3 個(gè)月的考核期。”
The wage increase comes as a spate of suicide among workers in Foxconn’s largest plant and a strike at a Honda factory in China have triggered calls for better conditions for the tens of millions of migrant workers who have been powering China’s export-manufacturing machine.
此次加薪的直接原因是富士康最大廠區(qū)一連串自殺事件以及在本田中國(guó)工廠的罷工事件。這一系列勞工事件引發(fā)了對(duì)改善數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)中國(guó)農(nóng)民工勞動(dòng)條件的呼聲。農(nóng)民工一直是中國(guó)出口制造業(yè)的真正動(dòng)力。
Foxconn’s decision is the clearest sign yet of major changes in the labor conditions in export manufacturing in China.
富士康的加薪?jīng)Q定預(yù)示著中國(guó)出口制造業(yè)的用工狀況正發(fā)生重大轉(zhuǎn)變。
Foxconn, which makes electronic gadgets such as iPhones and PlayStation video game consoles, is China ’s largest employer with a headcount of 800,000, and has been the country’s largest exporter every year since 2003.
富士康，這家生產(chǎn)iPhone 和PlayStation 視頻游戲機(jī)等電子產(chǎn)品的企業(yè)，擁有全中國(guó)最多的雇員，員工80 萬(wàn)名。自2003 年以來(lái)，每年都是中國(guó)最大的出口企業(yè)。
Foxconn executives said they could not predict how the additional cost would be shared but expected customers to help shoulder the burden.
富士康管理層說(shuō)他們無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)誰(shuí)來(lái)承擔(dān)加薪造成的額外成本，但預(yù)計(jì)部分會(huì)被轉(zhuǎn)嫁給消費(fèi)者。
The latest increase would more than double the basic pay of assembly line workers in Shenzhen and bring it to a level they currently only reach by working 12-hour shifts six days a week.
最新的加薪舉措使富士康深圳工廠流水線工人的基本工資提高一倍多。目前工人想要掙到這么多錢，必需一周工作6 天、每天工作12 個(gè)小時(shí)。
The increase exceeds the demands of some labor activists who had rejected Foxconn’s earlier 30 per cent pay rise as too little too late. Activists said the group needed to increase pay by at least 50 per cent to give workers a decent income without massive overtime.
本次加薪甚至也超出了一些勞工維權(quán)人士的預(yù)期。他們?cè)硎靖皇靠荡饲?0%的加薪“太少”也“太晚”。這些維權(quán)人士認(rèn)為，富士康至少需要加薪50%，才能讓工人得到不錯(cuò)的報(bào)酬，而又不需要大量加班。
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