關(guān)于經(jīng)典英語(yǔ)美文摘抄
在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中,開(kāi)展經(jīng)典美文教學(xué)不僅能提高學(xué)生的文學(xué)水平,而且能提高學(xué)生的語(yǔ)文素養(yǎng),對(duì)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言素養(yǎng)和人文素養(yǎng)具有極大益處,更能豐富學(xué)生的精神世界,磨煉學(xué)生的意志。本文是關(guān)于經(jīng)典英語(yǔ)美文，希望對(duì)大家有幫助!
關(guān)于經(jīng)典英語(yǔ)美文：美國(guó)革命的歷史意義
The Historical Significance of American Revolution
The ways of history are so intricate and the motivations of human actions so complex that it is always hazardous to attempt to represent events covering a number of years, a multiplicity of persons, and distant localities as the expression of one intellectual or social movement; yet the historical process which culminated in the ascent of Thomas Jefferson to the presidency can be regarded as the outstanding example not only of the birth of a new way of life but of nationalism as a new way of life. The American Revolution represents the link between the seventeenth century, in which modern England became conscious of itself, and the awakening of modern Europe at the end of the eighteenth century. It may seem strange that the march of history should have had to cross the Atlantic Ocean, but only in the North American colonies could a struggle for civic liberty lead also to the foundation of a new nation.
Here, in the popular rising against a "tyrannical" government, the fruits were more than the securing of a freer constitution. They included the growth of a nation born in liberty by the will of the people, not from the roots of common descent, a geographic entity, or the ambitions of king or dynasty. With the American nation, for the first time, a nation was born, not in the dim past of history but before the eyes of the whole world.
美國(guó)革命的歷史意義
歷史的進(jìn)程是如此錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜，人類行為的動(dòng)機(jī)是如此令人費(fèi)解，以至于想把那些時(shí)間跨度大，涉及人數(shù)多，空間范圍廣的事件描述成為一個(gè)智者或一場(chǎng)社會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的表現(xiàn)的企圖是危險(xiǎn)的。 然而以托馬斯 ·杰弗遜登上總統(tǒng)寶座為高潮的那一段歷史過(guò)程可以被視為一個(gè)特殊的例子。 在這段歷史時(shí)期里不僅誕生了新的生活方式，而且民族主義成為了一種新的生活方式。 美國(guó)獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)成為聯(lián)結(jié) 17 世紀(jì)現(xiàn)代英格蘭的自我意識(shí)和 18 世紀(jì)末現(xiàn)代歐洲的覺(jué)醒的紐帶。 歷史的行程需要跨越大西洋，這看起來(lái)似乎有些奇怪，但卻只有在北美殖民地為民權(quán)和自由的斗爭(zhēng)才能導(dǎo)致新國(guó)家的建立。 這里，反對(duì)"暴政"的民眾起義的成果不僅是獲得一個(gè)包含更多自由的憲法，還包括了一個(gè)依照人民的意愿誕生在自由中的國(guó)家的成長(zhǎng)。這個(gè)國(guó)家不是基于血緣、地理、君主或王朝的野心。 由于有了美國(guó)，第一次一個(gè)國(guó)家的誕生不是發(fā)生在歷史模糊的過(guò)去，而是在全世界人們的眼前。
關(guān)于經(jīng)典英語(yǔ)美文：Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and,in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part fromhis ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of expanding during periods ofeconomic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.
Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt stronglythat the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed charity,preferring instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others to helpthemselves. "He who dies rich, dies disgraced, " he often said.
Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name,includingthe Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and amuseum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is now part ofCarnegie-Mellon University. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment forInternational Peace to promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute ofWashington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.
Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity. His contributions ofmore than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout thecountry and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.
安德魯 ·卡內(nèi)基 被稱作鋼鐵大王的安德魯 ·卡內(nèi)基在美國(guó)建立了鋼鐵工業(yè)。 在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，他變成了美國(guó)最富有的人之一。 他的成功，部分來(lái)自于他銷售產(chǎn)品的能力，部分來(lái)自于經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條時(shí)期的擴(kuò)充策略。 在蕭條時(shí)期，他的多數(shù)對(duì)手都在縮減投資?？▋?nèi)基認(rèn)為個(gè)人應(yīng)該通過(guò)努力工作來(lái)獲得進(jìn)展，但他也強(qiáng)烈地感到有錢人應(yīng)該運(yùn)用他們的財(cái)富來(lái)為社會(huì)謀取福利。 他反對(duì)施舍救濟(jì)，更愿意提供教育機(jī)會(huì)，使別人自立。 卡內(nèi)基經(jīng)常說(shuō)："富有著死去的人死得可恥。"他對(duì)社會(huì)的較重要的貢獻(xiàn)都以他的名字命名。 這些貢獻(xiàn)包括匹茲堡卡內(nèi)基學(xué)校。 這個(gè)學(xué)校有一個(gè)圖書館，一個(gè)美術(shù)館和一個(gè)國(guó)家歷史博物館;他還創(chuàng)立了一所技術(shù)學(xué)校，這所學(xué)?，F(xiàn)在是卡內(nèi)基 梅隆大學(xué)的一部分;其他的慈善捐贈(zèng)有為促進(jìn)國(guó)家間了解的"卡內(nèi)基國(guó)際和平基金"，為科學(xué)研究提供經(jīng)費(fèi)的華盛頓卡內(nèi)基學(xué)院以及給各種藝術(shù)活動(dòng)提供活動(dòng)中心的卡內(nèi)基音樂(lè)廳。安德魯 ·卡內(nèi)基的慷慨大度幾乎影響到每個(gè)美國(guó)人的生活。
由于他超過(guò)五百萬(wàn)美元的捐款，2500 個(gè)圖書館得以建立起來(lái)，遍布在美國(guó)各地的小村鎮(zhèn)，形成了我們今天還在享用的公共圖書館系統(tǒng)的核心。
關(guān)于經(jīng)典英語(yǔ)美文：Animals' Compasses
Researchers have found that migrating animals use a variety of inner compasses to help themnavigate. Some steer by the position of the Sun. Others navigate by the stars. Some use theSun as their guide during the day and then switch to star navigation by night. One studyshows that the homing pigeon uses the Earth's magnetic fields as a guide in finding its wayhome and there are indications that various other animals from insects to mollusks, can alsomake use of magnetic compasses. It is of course very useful for a migrating bird to be able toswitch to a magnetic compass when clouds cover the Sun; otherwise it would just have toland and wait for the Sun to come out again.
Even with the Sun or stars to steer by, the problems of navigation are more complicatedthan they might seem at first. For example, a worker honeybee that has found a rich source ofnectar and pollen flies rapidly home to the hive to report. A naturalist has discovered that thebee scout delivers her report through a complicated dance in the hive, in which she tells theother workers not only how far away the food is, but also what direction to fly in relation to theSun. But the Sun does not stay in one place all day. As the workers start out to gather thefood, the Sun may already have changed its position in the sky somewhat. In later trips duringthe day, the Sun will seem to move farther and farther toward the west. Yet the worker beesseem to have no trouble at all in finding the food source. Their inner clocks tell them just wherethe Sun will be and they change their course correspondingly.
動(dòng)物的羅盤
研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)遷徙性動(dòng)物可以借助各種各樣的體內(nèi)羅盤來(lái)校正方向。 有些動(dòng)物借助太陽(yáng)的位置辨別方向，有些則依靠星星。 還有的白天利用太陽(yáng)，晚上利用星星。 有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)信鴿以地磁場(chǎng)為向?qū)?lái)找到回家的路。 還有跡象表明許許多多其它生物，從昆蟲到軟體動(dòng)物，也能利用這種磁場(chǎng)羅盤。 具有這種磁場(chǎng)羅盤，對(duì)候鳥(niǎo)來(lái)說(shuō)當(dāng)然非常有用，因?yàn)槿绻麨踉普谌眨梢砸源艌?chǎng)為向?qū)Ю^續(xù)飛行，否則它就只好著陸，等待太陽(yáng)重新出現(xiàn)。 即使是借助太陽(yáng)或星星導(dǎo)航，其中的學(xué)問(wèn)也比它表面看起來(lái)的要復(fù)雜得多。 例如，一只工蜂找到了花圃蜜園，急忙飛回蜂房報(bào)信。博物學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)這只蜂探在蜂房里跳了一段極為復(fù)雜的舞，通過(guò)這段舞她不但告訴其它工蜂食物有多遠(yuǎn)，而且報(bào)告了以太陽(yáng)為參照的飛行路線。但太陽(yáng)不會(huì)呆在天上不動(dòng)。 當(dāng)蜂群出發(fā)采食時(shí)，太陽(yáng)可能已經(jīng)多少改變了它在天空中的位置。出發(fā)得越遲，太陽(yáng)就越偏西，可這似乎沒(méi)給尋找食物源的工蜂們帶來(lái)任何不便。 它們體內(nèi)的時(shí)鐘告訴他們太陽(yáng)應(yīng)在的位置，據(jù)此它們相應(yīng)地改變前進(jìn)的方向。
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