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The first new college class since the election ofDonald J. Trump has arrived on campus, and newnumbers confirm what the higher education industryhad feared: Fewer foreign students are coming to theUnited States.
唐納德·特朗普當選總統(tǒng)后的第一批大學新生到校了，新的數(shù)據(jù)證實了高等教育產(chǎn)業(yè)的擔憂：赴美外國留學生數(shù)量下滑。
The number of newly arriving international studentsdeclined an average 7 percent in fall 2017, with 45 percent of campuses reporting drops in newinternational enrollment, according to a survey ofnearly 500 campuses across the country by the Institute of International Education.
根據(jù)國際教育協(xié)會(Institute of International Education)對全美近500所高校的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，2017年秋季新入學的國際學生數(shù)量減少了7%，有45%的高校反映新入學的國際學生數(shù)量出現(xiàn)下降。
Experts cited an uncertain social and political climate in the United States as part of thereason for the decline in enrollment.
專家提出，美國社會和政治環(huán)境的不確定性是入學人數(shù)下降的原因之一。
“It’s a mix of factors,” said Rajika Bhandari, head of research for the institute, which collectsdata on international students in cooperation with the State Department. “Concerns aroundthe travel ban had a lot to do with concerns around personal safety based on a few incidentsinvolving international students, and a generalized concern about whether they’re safe.”
“這是多種因素的結(jié)合，”該協(xié)會的研究負責人拉吉卡·班達里(Rajika Bhandari)表示，該協(xié)會與美國國務院協(xié)作收集國際學生數(shù)據(jù)。“由于發(fā)生了幾起涉及國際學生的事件，人們對旅行禁令的擔憂很大程度上是對人身安全的擔憂，也有對自己是否安全的一種普遍擔憂。”
Another reason for the decline is increasing competition from countries like Canada, Britainand Australia, said Allan E. Goodman, president of the institute.
數(shù)據(jù)下滑的另一個原因是來自加拿大、英國、澳大利亞的競爭在不斷加強，國際教育協(xié)會主席艾倫·E·古德曼(Allan E. Goodman)說道。
The figures released Monday also included final numbers for 2016-2017, which show robustinternational enrollment, with a record 1.08 million international students in the United States, an increase of 85 percent from a decade earlier.
周一發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)還包含了2016-2017年的最終數(shù)據(jù)，它們顯示國際學生入學人數(shù)增長穩(wěn)健，美國的國際生數(shù)量達到創(chuàng)紀錄的108萬人，比10年前增長了85%。
Much of the record was driven by 175,000 students who have remained in the United Statesafter completing their degrees, in internship-type programs known as “optional practicaltraining.”
增長主要來自在畢業(yè)后選擇留在美國參加“選擇性實習”(Optional Practical Training)項目的17.5萬名學生。
The 2016-2017 figures, though, revealed that first-time international students dropped 3 percent, indicating that the decline had begun before President Trump took office.
但2016-2017的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，國際學生已首次出現(xiàn)3%的下滑。這意味著在特朗普上臺之前就已經(jīng)開始下降。
The drop in new students signals potential financial difficulties for some small universities thathave come to rely on money from foreign students, who provide an infusion of billion intothe United States economy each year.
新入學學生的下降，預示著一些依靠外國學生、規(guī)模不大的高校有可能出現(xiàn)財政困難。外國學生每年為美國經(jīng)濟貢獻390億美元(約合2600億人民幣)。
Particularly hard hit are campuses in the Midwest, according to the institute.
該機構(gòu)表示，中西部的高校受到的打擊尤其嚴重。
At the University of Iowa, overall international enrollment this fall was 3,564, down from 4,100 in 2015.
艾奧瓦大學(University of Iowa)今年秋季國際學生入學總數(shù)從2015年的4100人降為3564人。
Downing Thomas, the university’s dean of international programs, said that some other schoolsin the Big Ten are also experiencing declines, and none are seeing the rapid increases of therecent past.
艾奧瓦大學國際項目主任唐寧·托馬斯(Downing Thomas)表示，十大聯(lián)盟(Big Ten)中的其他高校也遭遇了人數(shù)下降，沒有一所學校還有不久前的那種快速增長。
While Iowa primarily lost Chinese students, the University of Central Missouri experienced asharp decline this year in students from India, said Mike Godard, vice provost for enrollmentmanagement.
艾奧瓦大學減少的主要是中國學生，而中密蘇里大學(University of Central Missouri)負責招生工作的副教務長麥克·戈達德(Mike Godard)表示，該校今年的印度學生數(shù)量驟降。
In the fall of 2016, the Warrensburg, Mo., university had 2,638 international students. This fallit has 944.
2016年秋，中密蘇里大學有2638名國際學生。今年秋季只有944名。
Dr. Godard said fewer students came from India partly because of a currency crisis in thecountry, but also because of concerns about the Trump administration’s travel ban affectingMuslim countries. India was not on that list, but Dr. Godard said many of the university’s Indianstudents were from Muslim areas of the country and were concerned about the ban.
戈達表示印度留學生減少的部分原因在于印度的貨幣危機，但也出于對特朗普政府涉及穆斯林國家的旅行禁令的擔憂。印度不在旅行禁令的國家名單上，但戈達德說，學校的許多印度學生都來自印度穆斯林地區(qū)，對禁令感到擔憂。
“Although India wasn’t listed as one of the countries, certainly feeling welcome and safe and allthose things is important,” he said. “It would be na?ve to say that wasn’t a contributingfactor.”
“盡管印度不在旅行禁令的國家名單上，但讓他們感到受歡迎、感到安全等那些事情上都非常重要。”他說，“如果說這不是其中的原因，那也太天真了。”
Prospective students from India — interviewed shortly after last year’s presidential election — have expressed fears about the racial climate in the United States, concerns that might havebeen heightened after the shooting death in February of an Indian engineer in a suburbanKansas City bar.
來自印度的預備學生——在總統(tǒng)大選后不久進行面試的學生——表達了對美國種族大環(huán)境的擔憂。在今年二月一名印度工程師在堪薩斯城郊外酒吧被射殺后，人們的擔憂更甚。
A breakdown of declines by country was not yet available for fall 2017.
對2017年秋各國留學生下滑情況的分析尚未公布。
In fall 2016, the sharpest drops nationally from a year earlier involved students from Brazil andSaudi Arabia, which cut back on funding international scholarships.
截至2016年秋，從一年前開始留學生人數(shù)下滑最厲害的國家是巴西和沙特阿拉伯，兩國削減了國際獎學金經(jīng)費。
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