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學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)英語 > 英語閱讀 > 英語優(yōu)美段落 > 初中英語的句子成分分析法

初中英語的句子成分分析法

時(shí)間: 韋彥867 分享

初中英語的句子成分分析法

  初中英語教學(xué)的主要目標(biāo)是讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)英語句子進(jìn)行成分分析,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的寫作能力。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編帶來的初中英語句子成分,歡迎閱讀!

  初中英語句子成分學(xué)習(xí)

  句子成分:主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語等。

  主要成分:主語和謂語

  1、主語

  一個(gè)句子中需要加以說明或描述的對(duì)象。主語的位置:

  一般位于句首,由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語等充當(dāng)。 The school is far from here. 名詞做主語

  She goes to school by bike.

  Eight is a lucky number.

  The blind need more help. 代詞做主語 數(shù)詞做主語 名詞化的形容詞做主語

  There is a pen on the desk. 名詞做主語

  Predicting the future is interesting.

  To be a doctor is my dream.

  2、謂語

  表示人或事物(主語)的動(dòng)作和存在的狀態(tài).

  英語中由動(dòng)詞be、動(dòng)詞have和行為動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞 句子的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)是通過謂語表現(xiàn)出來。

  謂語動(dòng)詞往往由一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的構(gòu)成。 分析句子的主語和謂語

  Mr. Li teaches English.

  He can play the piano.

  My parents and I are having dinner.

  3、表語

  用來說明主語的身份、特征、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)。

  表語的位置

  用在動(dòng)詞be和系動(dòng)詞的后面。

  名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、副詞等都可以和連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。 Your pen is on the desk.

  He got very angry.

  My dream is to have a robot.

  動(dòng)名詞做主語 不定式短語做主語

  常見的系動(dòng)詞

  1. be動(dòng)詞

  2. 與感覺有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 等

  3. 表示狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞,意為“變得” “變成” 如 get, grow, turn等

  上述兩類詞作連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用形容詞作表語,千萬不能用副詞。

  4、賓語

  是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者。及物動(dòng)詞:直接接賓語的謂語動(dòng)詞.

  不及物動(dòng)詞:不能直接帶賓語的謂語動(dòng)詞.

  賓語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句構(gòu)成.

  I saw a plane in the sky just now.

  I want three. 名詞做賓語 數(shù)詞做賓語

  I like going shopping. 動(dòng)名詞做賓語

  We think predicting the future is hard.

  5、賓語補(bǔ)足語(賓補(bǔ)) 賓語從句

  有些及物動(dòng)詞除了要有一個(gè)賓語之外, 還須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)足語。如果沒有補(bǔ)足語(賓補(bǔ)), 有時(shí)候句子的意思就不完整。 充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)的有:

  1. 形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語

  The sun keeps us warm.

  2. 介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語:

  I found her in the room.

  3. 副詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

  Please let him in.

  4. 名詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

  We made him monitor of the class.

  5. 動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞也能用作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

  I asked him to come.

  6、定語

  定語修飾名詞或代詞(即在漢語里的……的)

  1. 形容詞作定語(一般放在被修飾語之前,修飾不定代詞時(shí)放在后面)

  They have a clever son.

  I have something important to tell you.

  2. 名詞作定語:

  Is it a color film?

  名詞作定語一般用單數(shù)形式, 如:

  school bus, ticket office, paper flowers

  但也有例外,如: sports meeting, clothes shop

  man 和 woman修飾的名詞如果是復(fù)數(shù),它們總以復(fù)數(shù)的形式作定語,如:

  men drivers , women doctors

  3. 代詞作定語:

  This song is better than that one.

  4. 數(shù)詞作定語:

  There are only thirty students in our class.

  帶有數(shù)字的復(fù)合形容詞.當(dāng)復(fù)合形容詞用連字號(hào)連接時(shí),其中的名詞要用單數(shù)形式.

  a two-day holiday a three-year-old boy

  5. 副詞作定語():

  Do you know the young man over there?

  6. 介詞短語作定語(The students in our class like swimming.

  7、狀語

  修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞或副詞,有的修飾全句, 用以說明地點(diǎn), 時(shí)間, 方式, 程度, 原因, 目的, 結(jié)果, 條件, 讓步等.

  1. 副詞作狀語:

  The old man is walking slowly.

  The boy is very clever.

  2. 介詞短語作狀語: 表方式 表程度

  I have lived in Shanghai for five years.

  3. 不定式作狀語 表時(shí)間

  I come here to see you.

  4. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語 表目的

  The teacher came in, holding a book in his hand. 表方式

  5. 狀語從句

  We’ll go shopping if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

  狀語的位置

  1. 在一般情況下,用于句末。

  We like our school very much.

  2.為了強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語,可以把它放在句首.

  I usually get up at six, but this morning I got up at eight.

  3. 表頻度的副詞通常用于句中, 如always, usually, often, hardly, never,

  用于行為動(dòng)詞前,be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后

  I usually get up early.

  He is often late.

  一些副詞, 如already, once, just, soon, yet, still, nearly, almost, really, suddenly, certainly等用法相似 sometimes, now可以位于句首,句中或句末

  only 在句中的位置比較靈活, 但位置不同, 意義也不同.

  The actor only sang a song.

  Only the actor sang a song.

  The actor sang only one song.

  兩個(gè)或多個(gè)狀語同時(shí)修飾時(shí)的順序

  1. 地點(diǎn)狀語在前, 時(shí)間狀語在后.

  We will have a meeting in Room 202 tomorrow.

  2. 較小單位的狀語在前,由小到大

  Mr. Li lives at 88 Chongwen Rd., Suzhou, Jiangsu.

  3. 一個(gè)句子有幾個(gè)不同種類的副詞作狀語, 其順序大都是: 程度副詞,方式副詞, 地點(diǎn)副詞, 時(shí)間副詞 She sang very well at the meeting last night.

  時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語也可以位于句首, 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或使上下文更為連貫

  Usually I read the newspapers in the morning, but yesterday I read them in the evening.

  初中英語句子成分練習(xí)

  I.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,并與A-D的漢語翻譯相匹配。

  impress; pour; speak 1. Once ______, a word becomes a promise.

  2. Once ______, water cannot be taken back again.

  3. ______ by the beautiful scenery, I forgot to go back home in time.

  A.覆水難收 B.流連忘返 C.一言既出,駟馬難追

  II.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

  1. ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us.

  2. ______ (give) time, he’ll make a first class tennis player.

  3. ______ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.

  III.將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.由于被媽媽所說的話所感動(dòng),我忍不住哭了起來。

  2.如果給我們一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì),我們將給大家一個(gè)非常好的表演。

  3.當(dāng)問到他出生在哪里時(shí),約翰說他是紐約人。

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