全國(guó)甲卷英語(yǔ)試卷及答案2022
高考結(jié)束后，考生們相互之間都會(huì)對(duì)答案、估分，所以知道高考試題和答案非常重要，下面是小編為大家收集的關(guān)于全國(guó)甲卷英語(yǔ)試卷及答案2022。希望可以幫助大家。
全國(guó)甲卷英語(yǔ)試卷及答案
2022 年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試
英語(yǔ)
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分聽力 ( 共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分 )
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié) ( 共 5 小題 ; 每小題 1.5 分，滿分 7.5 分 )
聽下面 5 段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A 、 B 、 C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ?19.15. B. ?9.18. C. ?9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the man want to do?
A. Have breakfast.
B. Take a walk.
C. Call his office.
2. What was George doing last night?
A. Having a meeting.
B. Flying home.
C. Working on a project.
3. Why does the man suggest going to the park?
A. It’s big.
B. It’s quiet.
C. It’s new.
4. How does the woman sound?
A. Annoyed.
B. Pleased.
C. Puzzled.
5Where is the man’s table?
A. Near the door.
B. By the window.
C. In the corner.
(答案：1-5 BCBAC)
第二節(jié) ( 共 15 小題 ; 每小題 1.5 分，滿分 22.5 分 )
聽下面 5 段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A 、 B 、 C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題 5 秒鐘 ; 聽完后，各小題將給出 5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6 、 7 題。
6. What are the speakers going to do tonight?
A. Eat out.
B. Go shopping.
C. Do sports.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and secretary.
B. Hostess and guest.
C. Husband and wife.
(答案：6-7 AC)
聽第 7 段材料，回答第 8 、 9 題。
8. Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?
A. Their business is slow.
B. The weather is favorable.
C. It’s easy to hire people.
9. How will they handle the moving?
A. Finish it all at once.
B. Have the sales section go first.
C. Do one department at a time.
(答案：8-9 AC)
聽第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 題。
10. What did Peter learn from his grandfather?
A. How to appreciate art works.
B. How to deal with artists.
C. How to run a museum.
11. What did Peter do in Chicago?
A. He studied at a college.
B. He served in the army.
C. He worked in a gallery.
12. Whose works did Peter like best?
A. Rembrandt’s.
B. Botticelli’s.
C. Rubens’.
(答案：10-12AAC)
聽第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 題。
13. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a library.
B. In a law firm.
C. On a train.
14. By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?
A. March.
B. August.
C. October.
15. Why did John quit his part-time job?
A. He had to catch up with his study.
B. He was offered a better one.
C. He got tired of it.
16. What is Susan’s attitude to John’s problem?
A. Carefree.
B. Understanding.
C. Forgiving.
(答案：13-16CBAB)
聽第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 題。
17. What did the speaker do before the year 2012?
A. A fitness coach.
B. A chess player.
C. A marathon runner.
18. Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?
A. He was motivated by Bolt.
B. He broke a world record.
C. He won fifth place.
19. Which is the hardest for the speaker?
A. Getting over an injury.
B. Doing strength training.
C. Representing Botswana.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. His plan to go for the gold.
B. His experience on the track.
C. His love for his home country.
(答案：17-20BCAB)
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分)
第一節(jié)(共 15 小題：每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A 、 B 、 C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Theatres and Entertainment
St David’s Hall
St David’s Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiff’s entertainment centre. With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall, St David’s Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment, including pop, rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music.
The Hayes, Cardiff CF 10 1 AH
www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
The Glee Club
Every weekend this is “Wales” premier comedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn’t been on the stage here. If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here.
Mermaid Quay, Cardiff Bay, Cardiff CF 10 5 BZ
www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
Sherman Cymru
Sherman Cymru’s theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012. This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (機(jī)會(huì)) to do creative things. Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of the very best theatre, dance, family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.
Senghennydd Road, Cardiff CF 24 4 YE
www.shermancymru.co.uk
New Theatre
The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals, dance and children’s shows for more than 100 years. Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK’s touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardiff’s oldest surviving traditional theatre. Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.
Park Place, Cardiff CF 10 3 LN
www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
1. Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted?
A. At the New Theatre
B.At the Glee Club.
C. At Sherman Cymru.
D.At St David’s Hall.
2. What can people do at the Glee Club?
A. Watch musicals.
B.Enjoy comedies.
C. See family shows.
D.Do creative things.
3. Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiff’s oldest surviving theatre?
A. www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
B. www.shermancymru.co.uk
C. www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
D.www.stdavidshalleardiff.co.uk
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了Cardiff當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍﹦≡汉蛫蕵穲?chǎng)所。
1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“St David’s Hall”部分中的“St David’s Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff (St David’s Hall是Cardiff一年一度的Welsh Proms的舉辦地)”可知，Cardiff的Welsh Proms活動(dòng)在St David’s Hall舉辦。故選D。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“The Glee Club”部分中的“If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here (如果你正在尋找巡演中最好的喜劇和精彩的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂，你應(yīng)該從這里開始)”可知，人們可以在The Glee Club享受喜劇。故選B。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“New Theatre”部分中的“The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicians, dance and children’s shows for more than 100 years (100多年來，New Theatre一直是優(yōu)質(zhì)戲劇、音樂家、舞蹈和兒童節(jié)目的發(fā)源地)”以及其下面的網(wǎng)站“www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk”可知，可以在www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk網(wǎng)站找到Cardiff存在最久的劇院。故選A。
B
Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (對(duì)稱的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (線索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
4. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?
A. By following instructions.
B.By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around.
D.By removing the lid.
5. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?
A. Using a key to unlock a door.
B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole.
D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
6. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?
A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys.
D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers
B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers
D. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種會(huì)識(shí)別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. (雖然人們不知道這些鳥在野外會(huì)使用工具，但事實(shí)證明，它們?cè)陉P(guān)在籠子里時(shí)就能熟練地使用工具)”以及“the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting, the correct “keys” would let out the nut. (研究人員給了這些鳥5把形狀各異的“鑰匙”供它們選擇。插入，正確的“鑰匙”會(huì)讓堅(jiān)果出來)”可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，鳳頭鸚鵡是通過使用工具從盒子里取出堅(jiān)果的。故選B。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age (在人類身上，嬰兒從一歲左右就可以把一個(gè)圓形的物品放進(jìn)一個(gè)圓形的洞里)”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知，一歲兒童最有可能完成“將一個(gè)球放進(jìn)一個(gè)圓形的洞里”的任務(wù)。故選C。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. (根據(jù)研究人員的說法，下一步是嘗試弄清楚鳳頭鸚鵡是完全依靠視覺線索，還是也使用觸覺來選擇它們的形狀)”可推知，后續(xù)測(cè)試的目的是了解鳳頭鸚鵡在測(cè)試中是否使用觸覺。故選D。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，再結(jié)合文章第一段“Coffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. (科芬的鳳頭鸚鵡是一種原產(chǎn)于大洋洲的小鸚鵡，它的形狀識(shí)別能力與兩歲的人類相似)”可推知，本文主要介紹了會(huì)識(shí)別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。D項(xiàng)“Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters (鳳頭鸚鵡：識(shí)別形狀的熟練工)”符合文意，最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選D。
C
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鵝) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career(職業(yè)) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.”The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
8. Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Try challenging things.
B.Take a degree.
C. Bring back lost memories.
D.Stick to a promise.
9. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?
A. Lovely penguins.
B.Beautiful scenery.
C. A discount fare.
D.A friend’s invitation.
10. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?
A. It could be a home for her. B.It should be easily accessible.
C. It should be well preserved. D. It needs to be fully introduced.
11What is the text mainly about?
A. A childhood dream.
B.An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world.
D.Meeting animals in Antarctica.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了71歲的Ginni Balinton從小就對(duì)旅行有著深深的熱愛，渴望探險(xiǎn)，不再跳舞和孩子們成家立業(yè)之后，她開始周游世界，并在2008年開始了前往南極洲的旅程。
【8題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段劃線詞前文“Throughout her career(職業(yè)) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. (在她的職業(yè)舞蹈演員生涯中，她曾在英國(guó)巡演，但一直渴望進(jìn)一步探索)”和“When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,(當(dāng)她不再跳舞，她的兒子們最終獨(dú)立生活)”可知，Ginni在退休和兒子們成家立業(yè)之后，她決定嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情。由此推知，劃線詞組take the plunge與try challenging things“嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情”意思接近。故選A。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tiera del Fuego.(正是在智利，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己可以在最后一刻買到從火地島附近島嶼前往南極洲的廉價(jià)船只)”可知，是一張折扣票價(jià)讓Ginni決定去南極洲旅行的。故選C。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.(意識(shí)到這是一塊寶貴的土地，應(yīng)該受到人類的尊重，這是Ginni最深刻的感受之一。)”可知，旅行結(jié)束后，Ginni認(rèn)為南極洲應(yīng)該得到很好的保護(hù)。故選C。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71 has had a deep love for travel.(今年71歲的吉妮從小就對(duì)旅行有著深深的熱愛)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了71歲的Ginni Balinton從小就對(duì)旅行有著深深的熱愛，渴望探險(xiǎn)，不再跳舞和孩子們成家立業(yè)之后，她開始周游世界，并在2008年開始了前往南極洲的旅程。由此可知，A childhood dream.(童年的夢(mèng)想)能夠概括文章主旨。故選A。
D
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.“How do you mean?” I asked.“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口號(hào)), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解決).”O(jiān)n the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. Sydney’s striking architecture.
B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development.
D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
13. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?
A. He goes to work by boat.
B.He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well.
D.He is attached to the old ferries.
14. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
A. It is losing its traditions.
B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population.
D. It is becoming more international.
15. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過作者和悉尼人士的交流介紹了悉尼發(fā)展中面臨的問題。
【12題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世紀(jì)60年代初，澳大利亞悉尼發(fā)生了一件大事。這座城市發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的港口) ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介紹了悉尼發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵是港口。故選C項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living. (30歲出頭的Andrew Reynolds是個(gè)快樂的小伙子，他在悉尼擔(dān)任渡輪領(lǐng)航員為生)”、第三段“I’ll miss these old boats. (我會(huì)想念這些舊船的)”以及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. (雙體船更快，但它們不那么優(yōu)雅，駕駛起來也不有趣)”可知，渡輪領(lǐng)航員Andrew Reynolds喜歡老式渡船。故選D項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. (悉尼的官方歷史學(xué)家Shirley Fitzgerald告訴我，在20世紀(jì)70年代奔向現(xiàn)代化的過程中，悉尼把很多它的過去都拋在了一邊，包括許多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald認(rèn)為悉尼匆忙奔向現(xiàn)代化，正在失去它的傳統(tǒng)。故選A項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. (另一方面，同時(shí)既年輕又古老也有它的魅力。當(dāng)我遇到一位深思熟慮的年輕商人Anthony時(shí)，我考慮到了這一點(diǎn))”以及最后一段“He is right (他說得沒錯(cuò))”可推知，作者贊同Anthony的觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為一座城市可以同時(shí)既年輕又古老。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) ( 其 5 小題 ; 每小題 2 分 , 滿分 10 分 )
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (禮節(jié)) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___17___ .
Hands or Utensils ( 餐具 )
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些外出就餐時(shí)要知道的一些重要事情。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐時(shí)要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介紹的是外出就餐時(shí)應(yīng)該知道的重要事情。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐館犯尷尬的錯(cuò)誤)”符合語(yǔ)境，其中“at a restaurant”對(duì)應(yīng)標(biāo)題中的“When Dining Out”，同時(shí)引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧將有助于確保你和朋友或家人一起享受一頓愉快的晚餐——無論你在世界的哪個(gè)地方)”。故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Chopstick Rules ”可知，本段主要講述的是使用筷子的規(guī)則。根據(jù)上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (當(dāng)你在吃的間隙把它們放下來的時(shí)候，一定要把它們放在一起，這樣它們就和你面前的桌子邊緣平行了)”可知，此處講述了正確使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它們筆直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它們時(shí)交叉放置)”講述的也是使用筷子時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)，符合此處語(yǔ)境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故選F。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Hands or Utensils ( 餐具 ) ”可知，本段主要講述的是手和餐具的問題。根據(jù)上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中東，用左手吃飯被認(rèn)為是非常不禮貌的。法國(guó)人希望你每只手拿一個(gè)餐具吃飯)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他們的雙手)”可知，此處在講述不同國(guó)家就餐時(shí)習(xí)慣使用哪只手的問題。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人認(rèn)為用餐具吃飯是不合適的)”符合語(yǔ)境，與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Making Requests ”可知，本段主要講述的是用餐時(shí)提請(qǐng)求的問題。根據(jù)下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，這將是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)檫@向廚師表明你不喜歡他們的調(diào)味技巧。同樣，在意大利，永遠(yuǎn)不要要求在食物中添加額外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些國(guó)家，用餐時(shí)提出要求是很無禮的。由此可知，G項(xiàng)“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃飯時(shí)要鹽和胡椒看似很簡(jiǎn)單)”符合此處語(yǔ)境，其中“request”是關(guān)鍵詞，說明，在用餐時(shí)提出一些我們看來很平常的要求在某些國(guó)家是無禮的。故選G。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就會(huì)對(duì)它的外國(guó)文化習(xí)俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此處指在一個(gè)國(guó)家待得越久，就會(huì)越習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)俗，且此處是“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，B項(xiàng)“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某個(gè)國(guó)家待的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng))”符合文意，引出下文。故選B。
第三部分 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用 ( 共兩節(jié) , 滿分 45 分 )
第一節(jié) ( 共 20 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分 )
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A 、 B 、 C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___21___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___22___ . When I first dated Steve, I ___23___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___24___ that he was an animal lover, I ___25___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___26___ , the cat.The next week we ___27___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___28___ , Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___29___ ? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. _____30_____ , I began to fall for him.We _____31_____ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her _____32_____ . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly _____33_____ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve _____34_____ his house. All worked _____35_____ . The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, _____36_____ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team _____37_____ for Tilly. We made good housemates.A year later, much to my _____38_____ , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I _____39_____ him to. That’s only for giving _____40_____ to the dogs that brought us together.
21.A.ownership B.membership
C.companionship D.leadership
22.A.reservations B.expectations
C.confidence D.prejudice
23.A.feared B.doubted C.hoped D.learned
24.A.unsatisfied B.amused
C.terrified D.thrilled
25.A.predicted B.worried
C.regretted D.insisted
26.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly
27.A.tied B.walked C.bathed D.fed
28.A.breath B.balance
C.attention D.imagination
29.A.calm B.sure C.soon D.real
30.A.By the way
B.In that case
C.By all means
D.In that moment
31.A.continued B.decided
C.intended D.pretended
32.A.eye B.tail C.ear D.leg
33.A.secretly B.constantly
C.eventually D.unwillingly
34.A.left B.sold C.suggested D.searched
35.A.late B.hard C.fine D.free
36.A.emptied B.respected
C.occupied D.discovered
37.A.looking B.caring
C.waiting D.calling
38.A.delight B.credit
C.interest D.disadvantage
39.A.beg B.trust C.need D.aid
40.A.toys B.awards C.food D.water
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作者認(rèn)為你可以從一個(gè)男人對(duì)待他的狗的方式來了解他很多，作者多年和兩只愛犬生活在一起，去年開始和擁有貓狗的史蒂夫約會(huì)，但有所保留，因?yàn)橐淮五薰窌r(shí)史蒂夫把水給自己的愛犬喝，作者漸漸對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，在之后的接觸中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顧作者的愛犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們的陪伴幾乎足以讓我遠(yuǎn)離孤獨(dú)。A. ownership所有權(quán);B. membership會(huì)員;C. companionship陪伴;D. leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. (多年來，我喜歡和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴著作者，讓作者遠(yuǎn)離孤獨(dú)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，我開始約會(huì)，但有所保留。A. reservations保留;B. expectations期望;C. confidence信心;D. prejudice偏見。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗時(shí)，因?yàn)槭返俜虬阉o自己的愛犬喝，作者才對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出剛開始約會(huì)時(shí)，因?yàn)椴皇煜な返俜虻钠沸?，作者還是有所保留的。故選A項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次和史蒂夫約會(huì)時(shí)，我得知他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓。A. feared恐懼;B. doubted懷疑;C. hoped希望;D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (當(dāng)我第一次和史蒂夫約會(huì)時(shí))”和常識(shí)可知，第一次約會(huì)會(huì)得知對(duì)方相關(guān)情況，作者從而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只貓。故選D項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓F(tuán)lora。A. unsatisfied不滿意的;B. amused愉快的;C. terrified害怕的;D. thrilled刺激的。由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛好者，多年和兩只愛犬生活在一起的作者應(yīng)該是感到愉快高興。故選B項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓F(tuán)lora。A. predicted預(yù)測(cè);B. worried擔(dān)心;C. regretted后悔;D. insisted堅(jiān)持。由下文的“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓)”可知，作者認(rèn)為三條狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能會(huì)攻擊史蒂夫的貓，針對(duì)這種情況，作者是擔(dān)憂的。故選B項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓F(tuán)lora。A. Flora弗洛拉;B. Chance機(jī)會(huì);C. Molly莫莉;D. Tilly蒂莉。選項(xiàng)指的是文中動(dòng)物名詞。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓)”可知，此處指作者擔(dān)心自己的狗可能會(huì)攻擊史蒂夫的貓F(tuán)lora。故選A項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二周，我們一起遛狗。A. tied系;B. walked牽著(動(dòng)物)走;C. bathed沐浴;D. fed喂養(yǎng)。由本處的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我們的狗)”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故選B項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們停下來休息時(shí)，史蒂夫單膝跪下。A. breath呼吸;B. balance平衡;C. attention注意力;D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一個(gè)炎熱的日子。當(dāng)我們停下)”可知，那天很熱，遛狗的二人停下來休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口氣)。故選A項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我也喜歡他，但這么快?A. calm冷靜的;B. sure確定的;C. soon很快的;D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚嗎)”可知，二人才認(rèn)識(shí)兩周，作者以為史蒂夫要向自己求婚，認(rèn)為進(jìn)展太快了。故選C項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我開始愛上他。A. By the way順便說一句;B. In that case那樣的話;C. By all means務(wù)必;D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水給作者愛犬喝的那一刻，還有所保留的作者卸下心防，對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感。故選D項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們繼續(xù)約會(huì)，雖然我們都沒有提到未來。A. continued繼續(xù);B. decided決定;C. intended打算;D. pretended假裝。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，作者對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出二人會(huì)繼續(xù)約會(huì)。故選A項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手術(shù)。A. eye眼睛;B. tail尾巴;C. ear耳朵;D. leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我擔(dān)心Tilly爬樓梯會(huì)重新打開傷口)”可知，作者擔(dān)心爬樓會(huì)影響Tilly的傷口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手術(shù)。故選D項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我一天帶狗出去四次，我擔(dān)心Tilly不斷地爬樓梯會(huì)重新打開傷口。A. secretly秘密地;B. constantly不斷地;C. eventually最終;D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I took the dogs out four times a day (我一天帶狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天帶狗出去四次，可得出狗狗(包括Tilly)要不斷地爬樓梯。故選B項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫離開了他的房子。A. left離開;B. sold賣;C. suggested建議;D. searched搜尋。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我們是很好的室友)”可知，二人成為室友，可得出史蒂夫離開了他的房子，和作者一起居住。故選A項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的;B. hard困難的;C. fine好的;D. free自由的。由下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (這三條狗組成了一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì))”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂夫和我組成了一個(gè)好團(tuán)隊(duì))”“We made good housemates. (我們是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相處友好，作者和史蒂夫相處也友好，可得出一切都好。故選C項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這三條狗組成了一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，在訓(xùn)練下，尊重Flora的空間;史蒂夫和我組成了一個(gè)照顧Tilly的好團(tuán)隊(duì)。A. emptied清空;B. respected尊重;C. occupied占據(jù);D. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。由上文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching (這三條狗組成了一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，在訓(xùn)練下)”可知，起初作者擔(dān)心自己的狗會(huì)攻擊史蒂夫的貓F(tuán)lora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相處友好，可得出在訓(xùn)練下，狗不會(huì)去攻擊貓，結(jié)合動(dòng)物的領(lǐng)地意識(shí)可知，此處指狗尊重貓的空間。故選B項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這三條狗組成了一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，在訓(xùn)練下，尊重Flora的空間;史蒂夫和我組成了一個(gè)照顧Tilly的好團(tuán)隊(duì)。A. looking看;B. caring照顧;C. waiting等待;D. calling打電話。由上文的“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手術(shù))”可知，作者的狗Tilly做過手術(shù)，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，和作者一起照顧術(shù)后康復(fù)的Tilly。故選B項(xiàng)。
38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高興的是，這個(gè)男人拿出一個(gè)帶戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A. delight高興;B. credit信用;C. interest興趣;D. disadvantage缺點(diǎn)。由下文的“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me (這個(gè)男人拿出一個(gè)帶戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，作者應(yīng)該是感到高興。故選A項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求;B. trust信任;C. need需要;D. aid幫助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他沒有跪下)”和常識(shí)可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂夫沒有下跪，作者對(duì)此并不在意，因?yàn)樽髡卟恍枰鹿?。故選C項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正是給愛犬喝水的舉動(dòng)把我們帶到一起。A. toys玩具;B. awards獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);C. food食物;D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗。我開始愛上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水給作者愛犬喝的那一刻，還有所保留的作者卸下心防，對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，所以是“給愛犬喝水”的舉動(dòng)讓二人走到了一起。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) ( 共 10 小題 : 每小題 1.5 分 , 滿分 15 分 )
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___41___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路線) by foot.On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___43___ (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___45___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___46___(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five cars. Cao ___47___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___48___ (high) mountain.Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat. 20, ___50___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【答案】41. to journey
42. who43. held 44. A
45. protection
46. meaningful
47. has walked
48. highest
49. from50. planning
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是一個(gè)失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一帶一路的事情。
【41題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：近日，一名來自北京的盲人徒步40天來到西安，作為“一帶一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，journey為動(dòng)詞，表示“旅行”，step前面有序數(shù)詞，應(yīng)用不定式，作后置定語(yǔ)。故填to journey。
【42題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8歲時(shí)因一次車禍?zhǔn)鞯哪凶硬苁⒖荡┻^了三個(gè)省的40個(gè)城市和縣。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，此處是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為Cao Shengkang，指人，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故填who。
【43題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：受到在北京舉行的“一帶一路”國(guó)際合作高峰論壇的啟發(fā)，曹決定徒步穿越這條路線，以向古代絲綢之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞decided，所以hold應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，hold與cooperation之間為邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語(yǔ)，表被動(dòng)。故填held。
【44題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：他的一位朋友吳凡在旅行中自愿成為他的同伴。根據(jù)句意可知，此處泛指“他的一個(gè)朋友”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，friend以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用a，空處位于句首，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)。
【45題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：曹和吳還沿路收集垃圾，以促進(jìn)環(huán)境保護(hù)。根據(jù)句意和空前的形容詞environmental可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞protection，作賓語(yǔ)，protection表示“保護(hù)”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填protection。
【46題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：曹認(rèn)為這將使這次徒步旅行更加有意義。此處是make復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)用形容詞meaningful，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填meaningful。
【47題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在過去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34個(gè)國(guó)家，2016年，他到達(dá)了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the last five years可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)Cao為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填has walked。
【48題詳解】
考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：在過去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34個(gè)國(guó)家，2016年，他到達(dá)了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。根據(jù)空前Africa’s可知，此處表示乞力馬扎羅山是非洲最高的山脈，應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)。故填highest。
【49題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計(jì)劃在五個(gè)月內(nèi)徒步回到西安。根據(jù)句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此處表示“從西安飛往喀什”，應(yīng)用介詞from，固定搭配from…to…表示“從……到……”。故填from。
【50題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計(jì)劃在五個(gè)月內(nèi)徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞flew，所以動(dòng)詞plan(計(jì)劃)應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，plan與主語(yǔ)He之間為邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，表主動(dòng)。故填planning。
第四部分 寫作 ( 共兩節(jié) , 滿分 35 分 )
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò) ( 共 10 小題;每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分 )
51. 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
My father often took me to his hospital when I was off my school. He showed me how his medical instruments was used. I felt so closely to him. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late. The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it. One day, he talked with me or hoped to mend our relations. With the efforts made by all sides, we began to understand each other better.
【答案】1.去掉my
2was→were
3.closely→close
4.become→became
5.talk前面加to
6.stay→staying
7.too→so
8.what→how
9.or→and
10.all→both
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了作者在成長(zhǎng)過程中和父親之間關(guān)系的變化及處理分歧的過程。
【詳解】1.考查短語(yǔ)。句意：當(dāng)我不上學(xué)時(shí)，我的爸爸經(jīng)常帶我去他的醫(yī)院。off school為固定短語(yǔ)，表示“不在上學(xué)時(shí)”，school前面不加任何限定詞。故將my去掉。
2.考查主謂一致。句意：他向我展示他的醫(yī)療器械是如何使用的。主語(yǔ)instruments為復(fù)數(shù)形式，全文為一般過去時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式were。故將was改為were。
3.考查形容詞。句意：我對(duì)他感覺如此親近。felt為系動(dòng)詞，后面用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示“親近的”，closely為副詞，此處用close。故將closely改為close。
4.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，在我上了高中之后，不知怎么的，我開始疏遠(yuǎn)他。全文用一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞become應(yīng)改為過去式became。故將become改為became。
5.考查短語(yǔ)。句意：我不愿意和他交談，經(jīng)常違反他讓我不要在外面待到很晚的規(guī)定。be willing to do意思為：愿意做，為固定短語(yǔ)。故在talk前面加to。
6.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意同上。of為介詞，后面的動(dòng)詞stay用動(dòng)名詞形式staying作賓語(yǔ)。故將stay改為staying。
7.考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：這分歧如此尖銳，以至于他和我都不知道如何解決它。固定句型“so…that…”譯為“如此……以至于……”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。故將too改為so。
8.考查副詞。句意同上。此處為“疑問副詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)來做動(dòng)詞knew的賓語(yǔ)。結(jié)合句意，此處表達(dá)“如何解決它”，settle it為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，此處缺少方式狀語(yǔ)，用how。故將what改為how。
9.考查并列連詞。句意：一天，他和我交談，并且希望修補(bǔ)我們的關(guān)系。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，“talked with me”與“hoped to mend our relations”為順承、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，用and連接。故將or改為and。
10.考查限定詞。句意：在兩方的努力下，我們開始更好地理解對(duì)方。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示作者和父親雙方，用both修飾sides，表示兩方，all用于三者及以上。故將all改為both。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(滿分 25 分)
52. 你校將以六月八日世界海洋日為主題，舉辦英語(yǔ)征文比賽，請(qǐng)你寫一篇短文投稿。
內(nèi)容包括：
1. 海洋的重要性;
2. 保護(hù)海洋的倡議。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右;
2. 短文的題目和首句已為你寫好。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
When it comes to ocean, its pollution is becoming more and more serious. World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.Ocean plays a key role in our world. Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food, but also it maintains the balance of nature. Thus, it is imperative to protect ocean. First of all, what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions. For example, garbage can’t be thrown into ocean. What’s more, we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean. The more people are involved, the better the ocean environment is.All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting ocean. To protect ocean is to protect ourselves.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，就世界海洋日為主題向英文征文比賽投稿，闡述海洋的重要性并提出一些建議。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
越來越：more and more→increasingly
重視：place importance on→attach importance to
重要的：key→significant
此外：what’s more→furthermore
2句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
拓展句：World Ocean Day, which falls on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food, but also it maintains the balance of nature.(運(yùn)用了部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))
[高分句型2]When it comes to ocean, its pollution becoming more and more serious.(使用了固定句型)
[高分句型3]First of all, what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions.(使用了主語(yǔ)從句)
不同高中學(xué)生如何選擇大學(xué)
又是一年高考時(shí)。隨著二?？荚嚨慕Y(jié)束，高考的最后一層面紗已被揭去，相信萬(wàn)千考生已經(jīng)進(jìn)入到最后的沖刺階段，準(zhǔn)備為即將來臨的大考奮力一搏。但是現(xiàn)在，還有一件大事橫在高考之前，可能讓眾考生家長(zhǎng)更為心煩，那就是填報(bào)高考志愿。較之有多次模擬演練機(jī)會(huì)的高考，填報(bào)志愿沒有預(yù)演，是一錘定音的事。因此在某種程度上，填報(bào)志愿的技巧比考場(chǎng)上的發(fā)揮更為考驗(yàn)家長(zhǎng)與考生。究竟如何選擇院校?成績(jī)處于不同分?jǐn)?shù)段的考生在填報(bào)志愿時(shí)應(yīng)有何側(cè)重?記者就這些問題，請(qǐng)專家為家長(zhǎng)考生出謀劃策。
普通高中學(xué)生：不要盲目排斥外地院校
“正確定位是關(guān)鍵，不要盲目排斥外地院校?！苯淮蟾街衅謻|實(shí)驗(yàn)高中吳曉勤副校長(zhǎng)介紹，對(duì)普通高中學(xué)生來說，填報(bào)志愿的原則是：沖一沖、穩(wěn)一穩(wěn)、保一保、降一降。這些主要講的是合理設(shè)置志愿梯度的問題。首先，二模已經(jīng)結(jié)束，學(xué)生可以根據(jù)二模成績(jī)，再結(jié)合以往自己在年級(jí)、班級(jí)中的排名情況，大致預(yù)測(cè)高考分?jǐn)?shù)。一般來說，模擬考試的難度要大于高考。因此，如果學(xué)生覺得二模發(fā)揮還算正常的話，那么在二模成績(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上加上5到10分，就會(huì)和高考成績(jī)比較接近了。所謂“沖一沖”，就是選擇一所比你預(yù)測(cè)的成績(jī)高出10分左右的院校;“穩(wěn)一穩(wěn)”是指選擇一所與你預(yù)測(cè)的分?jǐn)?shù)比較接近的學(xué)校;“保一?！本褪钦漳泐A(yù)測(cè)的成績(jī)減去10分左右，在這一范圍內(nèi)選擇一所比較理想的學(xué)校;“降一降”主要是針對(duì)成績(jī)處于本科臨界點(diǎn)的考生提出的，建議這些學(xué)生在選擇學(xué)校時(shí)，認(rèn)真考慮一些外地高校。因?yàn)橥獾氐囊恍┮槐驹盒Ｔ谏虾Ｕ猩鷷r(shí)，會(huì)適當(dāng)調(diào)低分?jǐn)?shù)線。一些考生的成績(jī)可能低于上海一本分?jǐn)?shù)線，但卻有機(jī)會(huì)被外地的一本高校錄取。
區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)性高中學(xué)生：更多時(shí)間關(guān)注學(xué)習(xí)
關(guān)于區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)性示范性高中的學(xué)生志愿選擇，首先一點(diǎn)是要和自己今后的發(fā)展相結(jié)合。就算學(xué)生不能在現(xiàn)階段決定自己將來的工作，但也要弄清楚哪些專業(yè)是自己需要的、向往的，決不能把進(jìn)大學(xué)作為終極目標(biāo)而完全忽視專業(yè)的選擇，否則有可能會(huì)前功盡棄。
其次，希望考生和家長(zhǎng)能夠辯證地看待外地的院校，“非上海不可”這種心態(tài)并不可取，因?yàn)檫@樣就意味著考生可能會(huì)喪失很多選擇的機(jī)會(huì)。其實(shí)，外地的一些院校教學(xué)質(zhì)量很好，尤其有一些專業(yè)是與未來的產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整相適應(yīng)的。比如現(xiàn)在浦東有飛機(jī)制造廠，但上海目前設(shè)置與之對(duì)口專業(yè)的高校并不多，相比之下，南京航天航空、北京航天航空等外地的高校就是培養(yǎng)這類人才的更好選擇。所以說，在填報(bào)高考志愿時(shí)不要把上海、外地的界限劃得那么死。此外還建議家長(zhǎng)們多去了解一些有關(guān)新興產(chǎn)業(yè)方面的信息。
另外還有很重要的一點(diǎn)是，盡管報(bào)考很重要，但考生還是應(yīng)該把更多的時(shí)間花在學(xué)習(xí)上。當(dāng)然并不是說考生心中可以一點(diǎn)譜都沒有，而是家長(zhǎng)要為考生做好信息篩選工作。家長(zhǎng)一方面要替自己的子女讀懂各種文本材料，另一方面要注意和老師溝通交流。至于鋪天蓋地的高校招生咨詢會(huì)，選擇一兩所自己心儀的學(xué)校去參加就可以了，沒有必要把太多的精力浪費(fèi)在這上面。高考的確很重要，但是從終生教育的角度來講，大學(xué)也只不過是一個(gè)過程，以后還有很多提升自己的機(jī)會(huì)。
市示范性高中學(xué)生：專業(yè)選擇不可忽視
學(xué)生要清楚主導(dǎo)你進(jìn)行選擇的因素是什么?復(fù)旦附中吳堅(jiān)副校長(zhǎng)指出，現(xiàn)在實(shí)行平行志愿的政策，因此報(bào)考的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)減少了許多。但還是建議考生在報(bào)考時(shí)有一定的選擇性，不要鎖定目標(biāo)。現(xiàn)在二模已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，相信學(xué)生和家長(zhǎng)通過各種渠道對(duì)有意向報(bào)考的學(xué)校有了一定的了解，但與學(xué)校相比，大家對(duì)專業(yè)的了解似乎稍少一些。(其實(shí)專業(yè)很重要，不應(yīng)該被忽視，考生所選的專業(yè)應(yīng)該和自己的興趣、目標(biāo)緊密結(jié)合。當(dāng)然，并不是說所有人都應(yīng)該遵循專業(yè)優(yōu)先的原則，最重要的是你要清楚主導(dǎo)你進(jìn)行選擇的因素究竟是什么。如果你注重的是學(xué)習(xí)氛圍，那要首先考慮學(xué)校品牌;如果你注重的是興趣發(fā)展，那選擇時(shí)就要專業(yè)優(yōu)先了。就如吳校長(zhǎng)給復(fù)旦附中學(xué)生的建議一樣：如果你已經(jīng)有了非常明確的發(fā)展目標(biāo)，那報(bào)考時(shí)主要考慮專業(yè)因素;如果你現(xiàn)階段還沒有特別明確的發(fā)展需求，那最好遵循學(xué)校優(yōu)先的報(bào)考原則。
現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)進(jìn)入高考最后的沖刺階段了，考生和家長(zhǎng)首先要堅(jiān)定信心。另外，最關(guān)鍵的是，考生和家長(zhǎng)要清楚自己的定位?！岸ㄎ弧卑▋煞矫妫阂皇浅煽?jī)定位，通過各種考試，考生應(yīng)該對(duì)自己的水平心里有數(shù);二是興趣喜好定位，雖然有些學(xué)生對(duì)自己將來想從事什么工作沒有明確的想法，但起碼要對(duì)未來的發(fā)展方向有一定概念。只有準(zhǔn)確定位，才能在報(bào)考時(shí)有方向性、選擇性。
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